The article deals with the problems of increasing the efficiency of electric separators through developing new approached to their design for upgrading of heat-treated crushed brown coal. The rational use of natural resources and efficient energy consumption are two basic requirements of EU Directive 2008/1/EC. It is expected that the techniques for brown coal pre-drying will result in increased energy efficiency of enterprises of up to 5% and upgrading of heat-treated brown coal will increase energy efficiency by the same value. To upgrade heat-treated brown coal it is necessary to design new equipment including high-efficiency electric separators. It was earlier found that the maximum value of coal particle charge was provided in a corona-electrostatic separator, a lower level of coal particle charge was observed in a triboelectrostatic separator and the lowest level of coal particle charge was established in a plate-type electrostatic separator. The basic efficiency constraint for drum-type corona-electrostatic separators is the diameter of a collecting electrode and one operating area. To select the directions for increasing the productivity and efficiency in separating heat-treated crushed brown coal in drum-type corona-electrostatic separators the results of studies of changes in force vectors affecting its charged particles, nature of their motion in the electric field resulting in separated productsorganic and mineral components of brown coal, taking this into consideration the factors of the heating temperature, voltage across a corona-producing electrode (drum), diameter of a corona-producing electrode and its rotation speed, have been analyzed. The increased efficiency of a drum-type CES with a slight increase in its weight is associated with removing a constraint from design parameters-the diameter of a collecting electrode (drum). It is realized through the change of orientation of a collecting electrode from horizontal to vertical.
The article discusses development of new approaches to design of electric separators aiming at increase in their capacity upon beneficiation of thermally treated powdered brown coal. On the basis of the developed theoretical backgrounds and obtained results of applied researches into beneficiation of thermally treated powdered brown coal theoretical proposals have been prepared for enhancement of design of experimental apparatuses for electromagnetic pulse impact and electrostatic separation aiming at creation of innovative technology and equipment for efficient beneficiation of thermally treated powdered brown coal, Grades B1, B2, and B3. During fine grinding of thermally treated powdered brown coal the particles are coagulated (that is, agglomeration and coarsening of particles), which reduces the yield of extracted organic constituent of brown coal. In order to increase the pulse impact for neutralization of coagulation (agglomeration of coal particles) ZAO "Compomash-TEK" has developed and tested a KMShU 110.02.000 apparatus of electromagnetic pulse action. Investigation into the influence of corona discharge current and discharge electrode voltage in electric separator with vertical drum has promote arrangements of technical proposals for enhancement of design of developed corona electrostatic separator: •increase in diameter of discharge electrode leads to decrease in corona discharge current under the same voltage applied; • at low values of corona discharge current the more significant factor, influencing on engineering properties of the separator, is the voltage applied to discharge electrode;• at high values of corona discharge current, higher than 90 ìA, the corona discharge current exerts the major influence on the separator engineering properties. Herewith, the higher is the corona discharge current, the better are the engineering properties: the extraction efficiency of brown coal mineral constituent into tailings increase from 14.8 % at corona current of 10 ìA to 78.6 % at corona current of 320 ìA;• while determining the influence of the distance between discharge electrode and collecting electrode on engineering properties of separation of thermally treated powdered brown coal in corona electrostatic laboratory separator with vertical drum it has been demonstrated that with increase in inter-electrode distance the engineering properties increase even at equal values of corona discharge current. Simultaneously with the yield of non-conductive fraction the extraction of mineral constituent increases. Investigations under laboratory conditions of operation modes of corona electrostatic separator with vertical collecting electrode (drum) and engineering results of separation of thermally treated powdered brown coal confirm high forecasted performances during beneficiation with capability to increase capacity by 5-10 times in comparison with conventional horizontal position of collecting electrode. The technical proposals for enhancement of the experimental designs are aimed at increase in beneficiatio...
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