The Malmyzh gold-copper porphyry deposit located in the central part of the Khabarovsk region has a rather developed oxidation zone. The object was identified during the exploration and evaluation work in the 70s, but received a negative assessment in terms of prospects for ore gold. LLC “Amur-Minerals” began to geological study of Malmyzh zone in 2005. Exploration work continues at the present time. The mineral composition of primary ore deposits is well studied. While the common minerals like a limonite and goethite are marked for the oxidation zone the most of minerals that may have a typomorphic meaning in solving genetic and other issues are beyond the purview of researchers. The study relevance of the mineral composition of the oxidation zone are due to the fact that its share and intensively oxidized ores account for up to 7% of gold and copper. The authors carried out a mineralogical and technological composition research of the oxidation zone of one of the sites of the Malmyzh deposit using small technological samples. The main part of samples is kaolinized and limonitized diorite porphyrites. In the oxidized ores, there are: limonite, goethite, magnetite, pyrite, less often – arsenopyrite, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and developed on copper and iron sulfides, covelline, bornite, azurite and malachite. Visible grains (0,2-0,7 mm) were established using mineralogical analysis including instrumental. They are: native gold, platinum, platinum zirconium intermetallic, copper, aluminum, zinc; diamonds are typomorphic minerals of both practical and theoretical importance. Blast tube consisting magmatic-hydrothermal breccias was opened in the northwestern part of site. Thus, the association of the listed minerals is unique and allows to restore the conditions of formation of the oxidation zone and the genesis of primary ores.
The results of experimental studies on the use of mechanical activation in the processing of ores and anthropogenic materials of the Far Eastern region are presented. The effectiveness of the use of electrophotoactivated solutions and complex reagents at the stage of mineral preparation has been established. Technological solutions have been proposed to reduce the loss of finely dispersed and chemically bonded gold during the processing of gold-bearing materials based on a directed change in the properties of the surface of minerals. The effectiveness of the use of the mechanochemical activation process for various aspects of the technological chain has been experimentally confirmed – a decrease in the sorption properties of materials, development of microcracks in oxidized ores for the penetration of leaching solutions into mineral aggregates, oxidation of the surface of primary ores, and removal of films from the mineral surface. Indicators of technological refractoriness of the studied ores and anthropogenic materials were revealed – a high proportion of chemically bound gold with atoms of basic and accessory mineral-forming elements, the presence of grains of the valuable component covered with oxide films, enclosed in carbonates, quartz and waste rock. The refractoriness of ores is confirmed by a high sorption capacity (the predominance of carbonaceous and clay matter), the presence of trace impurities in gold (Sb, As, Cu, Fe, Hg), which increase the consumption of cyanide during leaching. The material composition is dominated by a significant amount of chemical elements – cyanosides, actively interacting with the main complexing agent of leaching solutions – cyanide of alkali metals.
In this article shown platinum mineralization comparative characteristics for three deposits: Kondoer-traditional unique deposit and other two probably alternative source of platinum: the Poperechnoe ironmanganese deposit and the Malmyzh copper-porphyry deposit. Platinoids of the Kondoer deposit are the chain Pt>>Ir>Os>Ru=Rh>Pd. The presences of platinum crystals are characteristic, there are over 50 rare and new platinoids minerals in different combinations. There are gold and silver. Platinoids from the iron-manganese ore of Poperechnoe are as Pt>>Rh≈Ir>Ru≈Os>Pd. A scattered dissemination of arsenide sulfate and sulfides of Rh, Ir, Ru, Os are noted in the platinum. Palladium is present as impurities in gold and platinum. The gold content is different-with admixtures Ag, Pb, Cd, Fe. At this stage the platinoids content in oxidized ores of the Malmyzh gold-copper porphyry deposit is Pt ≈ Pd. The gold is present as electrum. There is native silver cadmium.
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