Tests for evaluating the effect of primary and automatic secondary frequency control on the reliability and economic efficiency of thermal condensation power generator units with flow-through boilers are described briefly. The results of these tests serve as initial data for the development of a method of estimating the consequences and additional expenses involved in bringing thermal power generator units into operation in these frequency regulation modes.Keywords: power generator unit, general and standard primary frequency regulation, secondary frequency and power regulation, flow-through boiler, steam turbine.The involvement of the power generator units of thermal power plants in frequency and power regulation of the power system is currently quite widespread in Russia. Here there are basically two ways of operating the equipment: standard primary frequency regulation (NPRCh) and automatic secondary frequency and overcurrent regulation (AVRChM). During operation in the primary mode, a power generator unit must react to deviations in the grid frequency greater than 20 mHz with a proportional change in active power by imposing power changes within the corresponding specifications on the dynamics. During operation with secondary regulation, the active power of a power generator unit must vary at the specified rate (no more than 4% of the nominal unit power N nom in 1 min) within a reserve of ±5% N nom in accordance with specifications from the central automatic frequency and overcurrent regulation system (in addition to power changes according to the system schedule [1]). Combined operation in the primary and secondary modes is possible.These modes apply, first of all, gas-oil fired power generator units with powers of 800, 300, and 200 MW "selected" for this purpose [2]. Most of these were brought into operation more than 30 -40 years ago and have already been run longer than their design lifetimes. The primary and secondary frequency regulation modes are not part of the original design for these units, since they were designed for operation in their base modes. Thus, it is natural that the frequency and power regulation modes should have an effect on the operational reliability and economic efficiency of these units and lead to additional wear on the engineering equipment.Here we examine the results of a study of the effect of the primary and secondary frequency regulation modes on the reliability and economic efficiency of gas-oil power generation units carried out by JSC "VTI" at the request of JSC "SO EÉS." Although many power generation units (more than 50) have already been certified in tests of their suitability for the primary and secondary frequency regulation modes, they are not yet in practical use. Thus, there are no statistics on the operation of the equipment in these modes, so, besides a computational-analytic approach (calculations of lifetime, etc.), in our study we used an experimental-statistical method with expert evaluation of the results. Special tests were done on the 300 MW power generat...
A branch system for on-line inspection of the condition of the metal of thermal power plant equipment with the use of modern telecommunications is described.At the present time the condition of the metal is assessed in power materials science by comparing the level of mechanical properties and structural characteristics with the requirements of accepted standards and performance specifications. Specifically, the structural state of the metal of thermal power equipment is evaluated with the help of scales determining the grain size, contamination with nonmetallic inclusions, and the degree of damage induced by micropores, dendritic segregation, etc. The appropriate assessment can be performed only by qualified specialists not always present in the metals laboratory of a power plant. Similar problems arise with analyzing fractures in failed parts, determining the causes of damage, and assessing the results of nondestructive control and hardness measurement.The inadequate number of highly qualified specialists in the field of power materials research and the remoteness of power plants hinder the making of timely decisions on the service life of equipment and analysis of the structural state of metal. Emergency situations require timely advisory help.It is expedient to estimate the condition of the metal of thermal power plant equipment within a single materials science information system (MSIS) based on advanced telecommunications. Special attention should be given to creation of MSIS for territorially distributed engineering systems that include objects of the thermal power industry.An example of an active system is an automated image processing system (AIPS) used for commercial control of reactor materials and for telemedicine.This approach ensures continuity of analysis of measurement results and gives reliable, comparable, and generalized data on the interaction between microstructure, operating conditions, and properties of materials of equipment due to the creation of a single information system. Today, the power industry possesses the necessary telecommunication infrastructure for the creation of MSIS. The transmission line towers of the RAO "EÉS Rossii" Company are equipped with fiber-optic links, modern information systems, and technologies. The existing base can be used for creating a branch MSIS. The structure of the suggested MSIS for the power industry is presented in Fig. 1.In order to determine the key parameters of microstructure directly on the equipment of thermal power plants (TPP) mobile computer-aided systems for materials studies are developed on the basis of optical microscopes. Microstructure images are processed and analyzed by automated systems for image processing with the use of methods of quantitative metallography.Simultaneously with estimation of the microstructure, the integrity of a material and its properties should be checked by methods of nondestructive control. The results of nondestructive control and mechanical properties should be recorded and generalized for families of singl...
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