ФГБУ «Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохи-на» Минздрава России, Каширское ш., д. 24, Москва, Российская Федерация, 115478 РЕФЕРАТСреди онкогенных вирусов человека вирус Эпштейна-Барр (ВЭБ) обращает на себя внимание уникальными свойствами. Этот широко распространенный среди насе-ления планеты вирус одновременно является лидером по числу ассоциированных с ним различных доброкачествен-ных и злокачественных новообразований лимфоидного и эпителиального происхождения. Онкогенный потенциал ВЭБ связан с его способностью инфицировать и транс-формировать лимфоциты человека. В тех случаях, когда взаимодействие между размножением ВЭБ, его латент-ным состоянием и иммунным контролем со стороны ор-ганизма нарушается, создаются условия для длительной пролиферации инфицированных ВЭБ лимфоцитов и их злокачественной трансформации. По мнению ряда ис-следователей, молекулярные механизмы связанного с ВЭБ канцерогенеза обусловлены способностью вирусного генома стимулировать экспрессию серии продуктов, ими-тирующих ряд факторов роста, транскрипции и оказыва-ющих антиапоптотическое действие. Эти кодируемые ВЭБ продукты нарушают сигнальные пути, которые регулируют различные клеточные функции гомеостаза, наделяя клет-ку способностью к неограниченной пролиферации. Тем не менее точный механизм, с помощью которого ВЭБ иници-ирует онкогенез, остается не до конца выясненным. В об-зоре приводится обобщающая информация о структуре и онкогенном потенциале ВЭБ, морфологических и клини-ческих вариантах лимфомы Ходжкина (ЛХ), а также роли ВЭБ в патогенезе связанных с этим вирусом вариантов ЛХ. Кроме того, в обзоре освещены последние данные об использовании уровня вирусной ДНК ВЭБ в плазме боль-ных ЛХ в качестве биомаркера, отражающего эффектив-ность проведенного лечения и прогноз болезни.Ключевые слова: вирус Эпштейна-Барр, ВЭБ, латентный мембранный белок 1, LMP1, лимфома Ходжкина, копии ДНК ВЭБ. REVIEWS Epstein-Barr Virus and Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma VE GurtsevitchN.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 24 Kashirskoye sh., Moscow, Russian Federation, 115478 ABSTRACTAmong oncogenic human viruses, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) drew special attention due to its unique properties. Being widespread among the population of the planet, the virus is also a leader in the number of associated different benign and malignant neoplasms of lymphoid and epithelial origin. The oncogenic potential of EBV is related to its ability to infect and transform human lymphocytes. In cases, when the interaction between reproduction of EBV, its latent state and immune control of the body is impaired, conditions for long-term proliferation of EBV-infected cells and their malignant transformation are formed. According to some investigators, the molecular mechanisms of EBV-associated carcinogenesis are due to the ability of the viral genome to promote the expression of series of products that simulate a number of growth factors and transcription and produce an anti-apoptotic effect. These products impair EBV-encoded signaling pathways that regulate a...
Background. A close relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) has been established in approximately 1/3 patients. EBV-positive lymphomas are characterized by increased level of EBV specific antibodies emerging long before tumor symptoms, аs well as a high plasma EBV DNA concentration. These viral markers normally correlate with clinical manifestations and the outcome of treatment performed. In patients with EBV-negative lymphomas, however, there has been no attempt to assess the clinical significance of either humoral response to EBV or EBV DNA concentration in plasma. Aim. To evaluate diagnostic and prognostic significance of EBV markers in patients with EBV-negative lymphomas. Methods. The clinical trial included 13 cHL-patients admitted at the Department of chemotherapy of hemoblastoses of NN Blokhin National Medical Cancer Research Center. The male to female ratio was 1: 1.3, the median age was 26.4 years. Leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were evaluated in all the patients before, during, and after treatment as well as throughout the follow-up period. The same indicators were analysed in the control group which contained 80 healthy persons (with the median age of 29.4 years, male to female ratio 1.5: 1). The study was based on serologic test for EBV antibodies and quantitative analysis of the viral DNA copy number in plasma. Results. The obtained data show a low immunie response to EBV and its diminishment after several polychemotherapy treatment cycles, correlating with decreased leukocyte and lymphocyte levels. As opposed to levels of virus-specific antibodies which do not reflect the efficacy of anticancer therapy, plasma EBV DNA concentration in 2 patients decreased to 0 after remission had been achieved. Conclusion. Although the number of observations is limited, one could suggest that viral load values in plasma of patients with EBV-negative lymphomas can prove to be a useful marker of anticancer therapeutic effect. Additional studies of these markers are required.
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