SynopsisA stud) has been made of the viscous properties of poly(paru-benzamide) (PBA) solutions in dmethyl acetamide, which undergo a transition from an isotopic to an anisotropic (liquid-crystal) state at a definite concentration C*. The polymer solutions behave in many respects (as regards the concentration and temperature dependence of viscosity, etc.) like solutions of low molecular weight compounds forming a liquidcrystal phase, although the transitions are less pronounced in the polymer solutions owing to their polydispersity. It is shown that the viscometric method, being extremely sensitive to C*, is convenient for determining phase diagrams of anisotropic polymer solutions. The values of C* as related to the molecular weight of PBA have been determined, and a general criterion for transition from isotropic to anisotropic solutions established; the latter has the form ( C M ) * = 1.3 X lo6 at 20°C. This criterion is in line with the condition for the formation of the liquid-crystal structure in a dispersion of rodlike particles as proposed by Flory.Generalized concentration dependences of viscosity have been plotted by reducing concentration to C* and viscosity, to the maximum viscosity a t the phase transition point. In investigating the flow properties of PBA solutions we revealed the existence of a yield point in the range of low shear stresses, and an intersection of the flow curves of solutions of different concentration at high shear stresses, which excludes a generalized representation of the flow curves in reduced ordinary-type coordinates.

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