A questionnaire survey was conducted among 7,665 students and staff in the factory-operated industrial colleges in Shanghai, China. Response rate was 95.7 per cent. The proportion of smokers among the men was 50.5 per cent; only 0.33 per cent of the women reported they were smokers. Male smokers began smoking upon entering the work force, where social interaction encourages cigarette smoking. Seventy per cent of the male smokers smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes per day. Only 4.3 per cent perceived themselves as very
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