Ґжицького, вул. Пекарська, 50, Львів 79010, Україна, bvh@ukr.net У статті наведено результати досліджень впливу розробленого комплексного ліпосомального препарату на динаміку гематологічних показників організму щурів за умов змодельованого оксидаційного стресу, викликаного застосуванням тетрахлорметану. Внутрішньом'язове уведення щурам 50% тетрахлоретану у дозі 0,25 мл на 100 г маси тіла тварини, спричиняє антигенне навантаження на організм і призводить до порушення фізіологічного рівня гематологічних показників організму дослідних тварин. Про це вказує зменшення кількості еритроцитів, вмісту гемоглобіну, концентрації гемоглобіну в еритроциті, збільшення кількості лейкоцитів. маси гемоглобіну в еритроциті та збільшенням кольорового показника.Для нормалізації гематологічних показників організму щурів за розвитку оксидаційного стресу доцільно застосовувати ліпосомальний препарат, який у своєму складі містить бутафосфан, інтерферон, розторопшу плямисту та вітаміни. При застосуванні ліпосомального препарату щурам, за умов оксидаційного стресу, у крові настає нормалізація гематологічних показників, а саме на 14 добу в межах фізіологічних величин були показники кількості еритроцитів вмісту гемоглобіну, кількості лейкоцитів та індекси червоної крові порівняно з контролем, що вказує на відновлення гемопоетичної функції кісткового мозку Gzhytskyj, 50, Pekarska St., Lviv, 79010, Ukraine, bvh@ukr.net The article deals with the results of search of the influence of developed complex liposomal drug on dynamics of hematological parameters of rat organisms under conditions of simulated oxidative stress caused by the use of carbon tetrachloride. Intramuscular injection of 50% tetrachloromethane to rats at a dose of 0.25 ml per 100 g of body weight causes antigenic load on the body and leads to disruption of physiologic level of hematological indices of experimental animal organisms. This indicates the number reduce of red blood cells, hemoglobin content, hemoglobin concentration in erythrocyte, increasing the number of leukocytes, mass of hemoglobin in erythrocyte and increased of color index.
Monitoring of the environment is an important instrument of water resources effective management, well-timed prevention of harmful pollutant influence and thorough information of the public about the state and tendencies of changes in river basin agrosphere. However, the existing system of monitoring doesn’t fully correspond to international requirements and is one of the main restraining factors of the basin management system development. It is suggested to put into the base of monitoring system of socio-economic-ecological systems river basin the unification of well-known home and international monitoring systems which are reasonable to supplement with additional data of regional character. The system of monitoring of river basin agrosphere resources has been substantiated in the article. The main tasks and structure elements of monitoring system have been defined. It is reasonable to fulfill the monitoring of river basin agrosphere state according to appropriate algorithm which forsees the realization of operation cycle, from definition of information needs to information product using. Then the principal blocks of monitoring system of river basin agrosphere to estimate the state of socio-economic-ecological systems are considered to be the following ones: socio-economic-ecological and geology-geomorphological, but to estimate the state of surface waters – hydrological, climatic and bioecological. It should be mentioned that in the suggested monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state the blocks «Observation» and «Prognostication» are closely interconnected as the prognostication of agrosphere state changes is possible only when sufficient and reliable information about its actual state is available. The problem of information product using by regional and local authorities, as well as, by basin administration is of peculiar attention in the monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state.
The methodological aspects of the research of the atmospheric air state have been studied, the attention has been paid to biological methods, in particular, to the method of indicating the area of leaf blades, which is easy to use and allows getting reliable results. Taking into account the informative value of the morphometric parameters of the warty birch leaves and the sensitivity of the species to environmental pollution, it is promising to use this species of tree plants as a bioindicator when assessing the ecological status of an urbanized and anthropogenic-transformed environment. The integral index of warty birch leaves asymmetry in the territory with a minimum air pollution was the lowest – 0.0258. The maximum value (0.0914) was investigated in the territory of the “Dobrotvirska Thermal Power Station”, which indicates extremely unfavorable conditions; therefore the plants are in a very depressed state. The average integral index of the fluctuating asymmetry for the warty birch in the region of our studies is 0.0586, which suggests an approximation of the ecological state to pre-critical level. The comparative analysis of the morphometric parameters of the warty birch leaves discovered their uneven resistance to environmental pollution, which manifests itself by decreasing the size, area and biomass (cell material) of the leaves, as well as by increasing the degree of their necrotic damage.
Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", кафедра технології біологічно активних сполук, фармації та біотехнології 2 Львівский національний університет ветиринарної медицини та біотехнології, кафедра біотехнології та радіології
The aim of this research was to study the lipid metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows during different physiological states and maintenance periods. Study was conducted on two groups of animals of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. The first group was formed in the winter stall-feeding period, the second one during the grazing period. Blood samples were taken four times: the first during dry period, the second, third and fourth were withdrawn at the beginning, on the peak and at the end of lactation period. Results showed increased lipomobilization activity after calving caused on the one hand by growing requirements in metabolites for milk synthesis and on the other hand by inadequate dietary supply with metabolic energy. Highly significant increase of the content of triacylglycerols, total and esterified cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids in blood of dairy cows was revealed. On the peak and at the end of lactation the level of indicated substances in blood gradually decreased. Influence of the period of the animals maintenance on lipid metabolism was established. For instance, after calving and on the peak of lactation serum levels of triacylglycerols, esterifies cholesterol and non-estherified fatty acids were significantly higher in comparison with such under the same physiological states but during grazing period of maintenance.
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