Purpose: identification of early risk factors — predictors of POAG development in students with myopic refraction based on questionnaire and functional test data and the effects of fractal photostimulation (FS). Material and methods. The study involved two clinical groups: the main group of 24 students (48 eyes) with mild to moderate myopia, averagely aged 21.3 ± 0.7 years, and the comparison group (according to FS effects) of 29 patients (58 eyes) with an established diagnosis of stage I–III POAG, averagely aged 58 ± 18 years, and a control group consisting of 66 people (132 eyes, mean age 21.2 ± 1.3 years). The case history of patients and typical complaints were found in questionnaire data. For the two clinical groups, the impact of 10 low-intensity FS sessions was evaluated. Results. A set of features viewed as risk factors for POAG development was determined using the data of the questionaries filled in by the main and comparison groups. The changes in mean IOP values measured before and after an FS course were found to be greater in POAG patients than in myopic students. FS was shown to contribute to IOP stabilization in patients with pre-existing morphological and functional glaucoma changes and the occurrence of accompanying pathologies such as vasospasm, blood pressure fluctuations, and migraine-like pain. After a course of FS, overall photosensitivity increased significantly as compared with the baseline in students with mild and moderate myopia (p < 0.05). Also, a positive effect of an FS course on MD indices in patients with stages IIa and IIIa POAG was confirmed. Conclusion. The research results confirm the need to identify clinical and functional predictors of POAG with a progressive glaucomatous process in students with myopic refraction.
Purpose: to evaluate the impact of Optinol treatment on the ocular surface state in medical students with various types of ametropia.Material and methods. The study involved 3 groups of patients: two clinical groups and a control group. The first clinical group consisted of 34 students (68 eyes) with mild, moderate or high hyperopia, averagely aged 20.1 ± 0.5 years. The second clinical group consisted of 47 students (94 eyes) with mild, moderate or high myopia, average aged 20.6 ± 0.9 years. The control group was composed of 60 students (120 eyes), averagely aged 21.4 ± 1.2 years, with no ophthalmic pathologies. Each group received Optinol consecutively in three different formulations: Optinol® Gentle Repair: dexpanthenol 2 % and sodium hyaluronate 0.15 %, Optinol® Deep Hydration: sodium hyaluronate 0.4 %, Optinol® Express Moisturizer: sodium hyaluronate 0.21 %. The case histories of the patients and typical complaints were revealed by the questionnaire method. The state of the eyelids and the conjunctiva was assessed by biomicroscopy. To diagnose the dry eye syndrome (DES), special tests were used: LIPKOF, Schirmer and Norn tests.Results. Despite the higher LIPKOF scores in the 1st (hyperopic) group, showing stage III as compared to the 2nd (myopic) group where it scored stage I, the Norn test score showed a stronger reduction in the 2nd group. The LIPKOF test improved in the hyperopic group, falling to 1.23 ± 0.10 mm (stage I), which corresponded to one conjunctival fold. The index of tear film stability (Norn's test) increased in group 1 by 3.1 ± 0.1 sec, and in group 2 by 2.2 ± 0.2 sec.Conclusion. DES was found to be more frequent in hyperopic students. Optinol is a pathogenetically oriented drug, targeting tear production disorders and ocular surface changes. The drug demonstrates high efficacy, good tolerability and safety profile, so that it could be recommended for managing multiple types of ametropia.
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