We study the global star-formation rate (SFR) vs. stellar mass (M * ) correlation, and the spatially-resolved SFR surface density (Σ S FR ) vs. stellar mass surface density (Σ * ) correlation, in a sample of ∼ 2, 000 galaxies from the MaNGA MPL-5 survey. We classify galaxies and spatially-resolved areas into star-forming and retired according to their ionization processes. We confirm the existence of a Star-Forming Main Sequence (SFMS) for galaxies and spatially-resolved areas, and show that they have the same nature, with the global as a consequence of the local one. The latter presents a bend below a limit Σ * value, ≈ 3 × 10 7 M ⊙ kpc −2 , which is not physical. Using only star-forming areas (SFAs) above this limit, a slope and a scatter of ≈ 1 and ≈ 0.27 dex are determined. The retired galaxies/areas strongly segregate from their respective SFMS's, by ∼ −1.5 dex on average. We explore how the global/local SFMS's depend on galaxy morphology, finding that for star-forming galaxies and SFAs, there is a trend to lower values of star-formation activity with earlier morphological types, which is more pronounced for the local SFMS. The morphology not only affects the global SFR due to the diminish of SFAs with earlier types, but also affects the local SF process. Our results suggest that the local SF at all radii is established by some universal mechanism partially modulated by morphology. Morphology seems to be connected to the slow aging and sharp decline of the SF process, and on its own it may depend on other properties as the environment.

We present spatially resolved stellar population (SP) age maps, average radial profiles and gradients for the first 62 active galactic nuclei (AGN) observed with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) to study the effects of the active nuclei on the star formation history of the host galaxies. These results, derived using the STARLIGHT code, are compared with a control sample of non-active galaxies matching the properties of the AGN hosts. We find that the fraction of young SPs in highluminosity AGN is higher in the inner (R ≤ 0.5 R e) regions when compared with the control sample; low-luminosity AGN, on the other hand, present very similar fractions of young stars to the control sample hosts for the entire studied range (1 R e). The fraction of intermediate-age SP of the AGN hosts increases outwards, with a clear enhancement when compared with the control sample. The inner region of the galaxies (AGN and control galaxies) presents a dominant old SP, whose fraction decreases outwards. We also compare our results (differences between AGN and control galaxies) for the early-and late-type hosts and find no significant differences. In summary, our results suggest that the most luminous AGN seems to have been triggered by a recent supply of gas that has also triggered recent star formation (t ≤ 40 Myr) in the central region.

Context. We study the spatially resolved properties of 343 elliptical galaxies with the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at the Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. Aims. Our goal is to understand the fundamental processes of formation and quenching of elliptical galaxies. Methods. We used the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys for accurate morphological classification. Based on integrated spectroscopic properties and colors, we classified seven classes of elliptical galaxies. We inferred the stellar age and metallicity gradients out to a 1.5 effective radius (Reff) of classical “red and dead”, recently quenched, and blue star-forming ellipticals (CLEs, RQEs, and BSFs), corresponding to 73%, 10%, and 4% of the sample, respectively. Additionally, we reconstructed their global and radial histories of star formation and mass growth. Results. The mass- and luminosity-weighted age gradients of CLEs are nearly flat or mildly negative, with small differences between both ages. The respective metallicity gradients are negative (∇log[Zmw] = −0.11−0.08+0.07 dex/Reff and ∇log[Zlw] = −0.11−0.07+0.06 dex/Reff, respectively), being flatter as the mass is smaller. The more massive CLEs formed stars earlier and quenched faster than the less massive ones. The CLEs show a weak inside-out growth and a clear inside-out quenching. They finished their quenching globally 3.8  ±  1.2 Gyr ago on average, with quenching time-scales of 3.4  ±  0.8 Gyr. At M⋆ < 1011 M⊙, the age and Z gradients of the RQEs and BSFs are flatter than those of the CLEs, but with larger scatters. They show very weak inside-out growth and quenching, which is slow and not even completed at z ∼ 0 for the BSFs. Instead, the massive RQEs show an outside-in quenching and positive gradients in the luminosity-weighted age and stellar metallicities. The RQEs of all masses quenched 1.2 ± 0.9 Gyr ago on average. Conclusions. Our results for the CLEs are consistent with a two-phase scenario where their inner parts formed by an early and coeval dissipative collapse with a consequent burst of star formation and further quenching, whereas the outer parts continued their assembly, likely by dry mergers. We also discuss some evolutionary scenarios for the RQE and BSF galaxies that would agree with the generic results.

We present the second data release for the HI-MaNGA programme of H i follow-up observations for the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. This release contains measurements for 3669 unique galaxies, combining 2108 Green Bank Telescope observations with an updated crossmatch of the MaNGA sample with the ALFALFA survey. We combine these data with MaNGA spectroscopic measurements to examine relationships between H i-to-stellar mass ratio (${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$) and average ISM/star formation properties probed by optical emission lines. ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ is very weakly correlated with the equivalent width of Hα, implying a loose connection between the instantaneous star formation rate and the HI reservoir, although the link between ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ and star formation strengthens when averaged even over only moderate timescales (∼30 Myrs). Galaxies with elevated H i depletion times have enhanced [O i]/Hα and depressed Hα surface brightness, consistent with more H i residing in a diffuse and/or shock heated phase which is less capable of condensing into molecular clouds. Of all optical lines, ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ correlates most strongly with oxygen equivalent width, EW(O), which is likely a result of the existing correlation between ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ and gas-phase metallicity. Residuals in the ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$−EW(O) relation are again correlated with [O i]/Hα and Hα surface brightness, suggesting they are also driven by variations in the fraction of diffuse and/or shock-heated gas. We recover the strong anti-correlation between ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ and gas-phase metallicity seen in previous studies. We also find a relationship between ${\rm M_{H\, {\small I}}/{M_*}}$ and [O i]6302/Hα, suggesting that higher fractions of diffuse and/or shock-heated gas are more prevalent in gas-rich galaxies.

Abstract We present the H i-MaNGA programme of H i follow-up for the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. MaNGA, which is part of the Fourth phase of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys, is in the process of obtaining integral field unit spectroscopy for a sample of ∼10 000 nearby galaxies. We give an overview of the H i 21cm radio follow-up observing plans and progress and present data for the first 331 galaxies observed in the 2016 observing season at the Robert C. Bryd Green Bank Telescope. We also provide a cross-match of the current MaNGA (DR15) sample with publicly available H i data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast Arecibo L-band Feed Array survey. The addition of H i data to the MaNGA data set will strengthen the survey’s ability to address several of its key science goals that relate to the gas content of galaxies, while also increasing the legacy of this survey for all extragalactic science.

We used ionized gas and stellar kinematics for 667 spatially resolved galaxies publicly available from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey (CALIFA) 3rd Data Release with the aim of studying kinematic scaling relations as the Tully & Fisher (TF) relation using rotation velocity, V rot , the Faber & Jackson (FJ) relation using velocity dispersion, σ, and also a combination of V rot and σ through the S K parameter defined as S 2 K = KV 2 r ot + σ 2 with constant K. Late-type and early-type galaxies reproduce the TF and FJ relations. Some early-type galaxies also follow the TF relation and some late-type galaxies the FJ relation, but always with larger scatter. On the contrary, when we use the S K parameter, all galaxies, regardless of the morphological type, lie on the same scaling relation, showing a tight correlation with the total stellar mass, M . Indeed, we find that the scatter in this relation is smaller or equal to that of the TF and FJ relations. We explore different values of the K parameter without significant differences (slope and scatter) in our final results with respect the case K = 0.5 besides than a small change in the zero point. We calibrate the kinematic S 2 K dynamical mass proxy in order to make it consistent with sophisticated published dynamical models within 0.15 dex. We show that the S K proxy is able to reproduce the relation between the dynamical mass and the stellar mass in the inner regions of galaxies. Our result may be useful in order to produce fast estimations of the central dynamical mass in galaxies and to study correlations in large galaxy surveys.

We perform a ‘fossil record’ analysis for ≈800 low-redshift spiral galaxies, using starlight applied to integral field spectroscopic observations from the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey to obtain fully spatially resolved high-resolution star formation histories (SFHs). From the SFHs, we are able to build maps indicating the present-day distribution of stellar populations of different ages in each galaxy. We find small negative mean age gradients in most spiral galaxies, especially at high stellar mass, which reflects the formation times of stellar populations at different galactocentric radii. We show that the youngest (&lt;108.5 yr) populations exhibit significantly more extended distributions than the oldest (&gt;109.5 yr), again with a strong dependence on stellar mass. By interpreting the radial profiles of ‘time slices’ as indicative of the size of the galaxy at the time those populations had formed, we are able to trace the simultaneous growth in mass and size of the spiral galaxies over the last 10 Gyr. Despite finding that the evolution of the measured light-weighted radius is consistent with inside-out growth in the majority of spiral galaxies, the evolution of an equivalent mass-weighted radius has changed little over the same time period. Since radial migration effects are likely to be small, we conclude that the growth of discs in spiral galaxies has occurred predominantly through an inside-out mode (with the effect greatest in high-mass galaxies), but this has not had anywhere near as much impact on the distribution of mass within spiral galaxies.

ΛCDM cosmological models with Early Dark Energy (EDE) have been proposed to resolve tensions between the Hubble constant H0 = 100 h kmṡ−1Ṁpc−1 measured locally, giving h ≈ 0.73, and H0 deduced from Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) and other early universe measurements plus ΛCDM, giving h ≈ 0.67. EDE models do this by adding a scalar field that temporarily adds dark energy equal to about 10% of the cosmological energy density at the end of the radiation-dominated era at redshift z ∼ 3500. Here we compare linear and nonlinear predictions of a Planck-normalized ΛCDM model including EDE giving h = 0.728 with those of standard Planck-normalized ΛCDM with h = 0.678. We find that nonlinear evolution reduces the differences between power spectra of fluctuations at low redshifts. As a result, at z = 0 the halo mass functions on galactic scales are nearly the same, with differences only 1-2%. However, the differences dramatically increase at high redshifts. The EDE model predicts 50% more massive clusters at z = 1 and twice more galaxy-mass haloes at z = 4. Even greater increases in abundances of galaxy-mass haloes at higher redshifts may make it easier to reionize the universe with EDE. Predicted galaxy abundances and clustering will soon be tested by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations. Positions of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAOs) and correlation functions differ by about 2% between the models – an effect that is not washed out by nonlinearities. Both standard ΛCDM and the EDE model studied here agree well with presently available acoustic-scale observations, but the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) and Euclid measurements will provide stringent new tests.