Background: In the domestic market, the consumption of fuel oil increases during the winter period, leading to higher prices. At the same time, the cost of inputs and the time for the discharge of viscous oil products are greatly increased. The duration of the discharge process is related to the physico-chemical properties of the fuel oil. Its viscosity depends on the temperature of the product itself and the temperature of the environment, which in our country averages 5.5 C per year.
Aim: Reduction in the length and cost of transport of viscous petroleum products.
Methods: The article proposes a new method for the carriage of viscous petroleum products by rail, ensuring that their fluidity is preserved without the use of thermal insulation of the boiler of the tank-wagon and the means for carrying the heating. Simulation models of the processes of pouring out viscous petroleum products for a traditional and new method of pouring in the circulation method of discharge of viscous petroleum products, which make it possible to estimate the quantity of resources consumed, are constructed.
Results: The work shows the peculiarities of the existing process of discharging viscous petroleum products. Simulation and functional-cost analysis of the discharge process were carried out under the circulatory method for heating viscous petroleum products. The results were compared.
Conclusion: In the new pouring method, the discharge process is similar to the summer period.
The article discusses problems encountered in the carriage of viscous petroleum products at low temperatures and proposes solutions.
Aim: Construction of a mathematical model describing the business process; solution of the constructed problem using simulation.
Materials and Methods: The position of probability theory and mathematical statistics; the development of a mathematical model; the development of a simulation model using the Business Studio platform.
Results: mathematical and simulation models of the discharge of viscous petroleum products have been constructed showing possibilities of reducing the discharge time; the work of the enterprise was analyzed with additional equipment.
Conclusion: a function is defined, which returns the quantity of unloaded wagons, steam and electricity consumption; simulations are carried out.
The article deals with the main problems associated with the transportation and unloading of viscous petroleum products by rail at low temperatures. Taking into account the analysis of the applied technologies and modeling of the ongoing processes in the ANSYS program, a solution to the problems that arise is proposed by using a tank car with a steam-heating casing or by applying thermal insulation to the upper part of the tank. To ensure the tightness of the drain device of the tank car and to avoid the occurrence of environmental disasters, the modernization of its design is proposed.
В статье рассмотрены основные проблемы, связанные с транспортировкой и выгрузкой вязких нефтепродуктов железнодорожным транспортом при низких температурах. C учетом анализа применяемых технологий и моделирования в программе ANSYS протекающих процессов, предложено решение возникающих проблем за счет использования вагона-цистерны с парообогревательным кожухом или, с нанесением тепловой изоляции на верхнюю часть цистерны. Для обеспечения герметичности сливного прибора вагона-цистерны и исключения возникновения экологических катастроф, предложена модернизация его конструкции.
High viscosity petroleum products such as fuel oils and cracking residues are widely used as marine and boiler fuels both in Russia and in its exports. Conveying viscous petroleum products at low air temperatures has a high cost due to the unloading and cleaning processes of the transport tanks. Refined petroleum product cools and solidifies during transportation, becoming highly viscous, making it impossible to drain it without preheating to restore fluidity. Emerging difficulties are common to all countries with long winters and geographically wide areas. To justify a new method of rail transport of viscous petroleum products while maintaining their high temperature and fluidity by suppressing the natural convection of the petroleum product at the stage of filling the tanker. Temperature field calculations using the finite element method and the ANSYS R18.2 package are presented. The business process of the proposed transport method is universal for all modes of transportation. Using Petri nets and simulation modelling, it is investigated using the example of cleaning a tank car boiler from highly viscous residual oil products. You must perform these operations periodically during the operation of the tank wagon, and they are mandatory before every scheduled inspection and repair. Viscous oil products can be transported in a new way, the duration of the cleaning process of the tank wagon boiler is reduced by three times and the amount of water consumed is reduced by one and a half times.
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