This study explores the multiple identities of men and women in English proverbs and power relationships depicted through these identities. This research has not only discussed the representation of female gender but also covered male gender along with relationship shown between both genders in proverbs. 38 proverbs collected from two dictionaries are analyzed through the 3D model of Fairclough. All proverbs are divided into three major categories i.e., proverbs for women, proverbs for men and proverbs involving both genders. Proverbs involving women over numbered those mentioning men. Majority of the proverbs containing women have derogatory remarks for them whereas men are presented with positive connotations. A few proverbs explained the link between men and women in the form of negative and positive dependence. Proverbs involving women display a glimpse of patriarchy by portraying women as a burden, sexual object and fragile. Men on the other hand are explicitly nominated as a gender that owns the world. These proverbs are delivering such power relationships to generations and this could be one of the reasons patriarchies in different forms is still observed in the world. Studying these proverbs about their origins will further help in understanding the picture of genders in English society and how the picture has evolved socially.
There is always a dilemma for the gestational age at which caesarean can be planned in cases of previous two caesarean sections to reduce both maternal and fetal adverse outcome. Obstetricians always try to balance between poor perinatal outcomes of early term delivery and poor maternal outcomes of late term delivery. A Prospective observational study was conducted in Women with previous two caesarean deliveries at 34-42 weeks of gestation with singleton live pregnancy admitted in a tertiary care hospital for repeat caesarean section for a period of 6 months in 100 cases, to study the maternal and fetal outcome in patients undergoing repeat caesarean section in case of two previous 2 caesarean cases.
Background: More recently there has been growing concern that more marginal degrees of thyroid dysfunction particularly subclinical hypothyroidism (elevated TSH and normal T4 concentration) and isolated hypothyroxinemia (normal TSH and low T4) are associated with fetal loss, prematurity and impaired offspring cognitive function and potential risk for fetal loss. Thus, it would seem logical to systematically screen pregnant woman for thyroid disorders. This study focuses specifically on thyroid screening in first trimester of pregnancy.Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study over 18 months (December 2020 to June 2022) in 300 patients attending the department of obstetrics and gynecology of teaching hospital attached to Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences (KBNIMS), KBN University, Gulbarga for antenatal check-up during first trimester of pregnancy.Results: As per our study prevalence of thyroid disorder 14%, subclinical hyperthyroidism 3.67% and subclinical hypothyroidism 10.33%.Conclusions: According to data of our study, it is very ideal to subject all pregnant women for thyroid screening in first trimester with special emphasis to pregnant women in extremes of age, extremes of BMI, bad obstetric history and adverse outcome in previous pregnancy as it shows significant relationship with risk of having thyroid abnormalities.
In a world where potable water is just about to run dry, it is necessary to introduce new technologies and methods of solar-based water purification systems. Developing countries like Pakistan are cladding a shortage of purified water and its storage process. Our proposed design for water gets purified by using multijunction solar cells, cationic polyacrylamide alum, and lime. Multijunction solar cells are utilized to enhance the efficiency of the system. They utilize the complete spectrum of sunlight and absorb the different colors of light by different materials, and each material has its own bandgap energy. The solar cells generate power which is used to boil the contaminated water for 30 minutes up to 120 degrees for the purification purpose and remove bacteria, protozoa, and viruses because all germs become dead when water boils for 30 minutes. Alum is used for the purpose of purification because alum, cationic polyacrylamide, and lime or coagulant are utilized to remove arsenic from water. To remove COVID-19 from water, ozone gas O3 is injected. Charcoal filter paper is utilized to filter the boiling water energy stored in the battery to drive the system for nighttime purposes. The proposed design is economical, environmentally friendly, and works at maximum time. Nowadays, an IOT-based smart water purification system has been installed which works on solar energy.
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