This paper aims at exploring the ways, through which the academic librarians engage themselves in continuing professional development (CPD) activities. It also identifies the sources that academic librarians feel helpful for their CPD. These librarians neither had any ICT training before nor educated during their Master in Library and Information Science (MLIS) for the use of the latest technology, and are considered as digital novice. Librarians are required to keep them up to date to survive in this competitive information marketplace. They need to get familiarized with the latest technology and its applications for the libraries to minimize the gap between the information and its users. CPD allows receding from the traditional approach and muddling through the new digital arena. To get the vivid picture in the current scenario qualitative approach was used. Interviews were used as data collection technique. The population of this study was these digital immigrants librarian who got their MLIS degree before year 2001 and never had any formal ICT training before joining the profession and working in the University of the Punjab. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to choose the sample of 12 respondents. The subsequent analysis will help librarian judge the present status of their CPD activities and to determine the ways to improve self-directed or organizational learning. It will be of assistance to the library schools, library management, library association and the policy makers to improve the existing training programs or to design the new programs to fulfill the requirements.

Four new carbamates (RZ1–RZ4) were synthesized from different amine moieties through reported methods. The reaction was monitored using thin layer chromatography and characterization was done using m.p., fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Density functional theory (DFT) studies were carried out using Gaussian 09 software to compare the theoretical and practical parameters of the synthesized compounds. Highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were also drawn to calculate the energy difference between orbitals. In‐vitro enzyme inhibition potential against acetylcholine esterase (AChE), butyrylcholine esterase (BChE), and protease was checked through standard protocols that suggested moderate inhibition against selected enzymes. Docking studies were also carried out, which depicted that these compounds have ability to bind on the active site of AChE and BChE.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an advanced area for researchers. Many different methods are used to send voice over IP networks. With the development of modern telecommunications equipments and softwares telecommunication's malpractices are growing rapidly. Hence there is always a need for monitoring communications and guarantee both security and proper usage. This underlined research work stresses on the analysis of IP traffic and proposes an algorithm for detection mechanisms to control and limit VoIP's grey traffic. The algorithm emphasizes primarily on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) but it can be modified and used for all VoIP protocols like H.323 and InterAsterisk eXchange protocol (IAX2). The suggested method is based on analyzing the pcap files. These files are used to filter VoIP traffic from network's total IP traffic by reading the header of each packet. The algorithm then extracts different parameters for generating call logs. VoIP packets of the same call are correlated to produce a Call Detail Record (CDR).The produced CDR contains the IP addresses of source and destination that make the calls. For identification of grey traffic these IP addresses are used. If the source IP address in the CDR is of a legal registered operator the user/call is declared as legal, otherwise the user/call is illegal.

In the title compound, C14H17N3O3, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the five-membered di­hydro­pyrazole ring is 52.26 (9)°. The ethyl ester group is approximately planar (r.m.s. deviation 0.0568 Å) and subtends an angle 67.73 (8)° to the pyrazole ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an R 2 2(10) ring motif. Weaker C—H⋯O contacts link these dimers into a three-dimensional network of mol­ecules stacked along the a-axis direction. Offset π–π stacking inter­actions between the benzene rings [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.8832 (12) Å] further stabilize the crystal packing.

Introduction: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a Flaviviridae-related virus that causes a systemic illness that can be transmitted. HCV is a blood-borne infection that primarily affects the liver. HCV diagnosis that is accurate and timely is critical in significantly reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to find out the Hepatitis C in chronic renal failure patients who are on hemodialysis. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Dialysis Unit of the Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) Peshawar's Department of Nephrology. From September to December 2017, this study took place over four months. The study included a total of 114 patients, regardless of their age or gender. Hepatitis C was detected in whole blood samples collected from 114 healthy people using an immunochromatography method. The data was analyzed using SPSS v.22. Result: The Immunochromatography technique for HCV was used to analyze 114 blood samples from recruited individuals. Male patients were 52.6% of the total, while female patients made up 47.4%. The study found that 24.56% of male patients were positive, while 28.07% of female patients were positive. Overall, the technique's sensitivity and specificity were 83.1% and 72.7%, respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that the HCV rapid testing is still sensitive and specific for detecting hepatitis C virus, it should be used in routine clinical settings for early hepatitis C virus diagnosis when advanced diagnostic options are restricted. Keywords: HCV, Hepatitis C virus, Nephrology, Dialysis