In our population, diabetics suffer from higher prevalence of diffuse and extensive coronary atherosclerosis. The grades of stenosis in coronary arteries are also higher in diabetic patients when compared with non-diabetics with CAD, as was the prevalence of other components of the metabolic syndrome.
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice. In our country, most
of the data related to AF has been derived from international studies with an Indian cohort. We studied
etiology, left atrial size and the incidence of left atrial appendage clot in patients with atrial brillation at our institution so that
guidelines could be formulated to manage the patients of AF in the hours of emergency.
The study population consisted of 203 hemodynamically stable patients with AF over a period of 1 year. After getting ethical
committee clearance, appropriate clinical examination and investigations including detailed 2D echocardiography were
carried out.
Mean age of the patients in our study was 42.6 ± 13.4 years. Maximum number of patients was in the age group of 20-39 years
(42.4%). Majority were females (65.5%). The most common symptom was shortness of breath (64.5%) followed by palpitation
(59.6%). 57.6% cases were due to RHD and 13.8% due to systemic hypertension. Most common Valvular abnormality was found
to be combined MS and MR (43.6%) followed by isolated MS (22.2%). The mean LA diameter was 46.3 ± 7.0 mm. Out of 117 RHD
patients, 42.7% had severely abnormal LA diameter. LA clot was present in only 4.9% of the patients who all had RHD. 7.4% had
some embolic complications. Mean LA diameter was signicantly different between RHD and non-RHD cases (48.97 ± 7.5 mm
vs 42.66 ± 4.1 mm). There was a signicant association between severity of MS and LA diameter. No signicant difference was
found between different category of MV abnormality and mean LA diameter. There was signicant increase in the rate of heart
failure with increase in LA diameter abnormality.
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