We have synthesized a ternary rGO/Fe3O4/PANI (rGFP) composite for binder-free, semiflexible, thin, all-solid-state supercapacitor device fabrication. A scalable soft-template technique has been adopted for the preparation of three-dimensional Fe3O4-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-doped polyaniline (PANI) nanorods that are unambiguously investigated under electron microscopes (FESEM and HRTEM). The presence of PANI in the nanocomposite is overwhelmingly supported by the absorption and vibration studies. Raman spectra convincingly show the presence of rGO in the nanocomposites, and the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is confirmed by XRD and XPS results. The specific capacitance value that has been achieved for synthesized ternary rGFP nanocomposite is ∼283.4 F/g at 1.0 A/g current density and exhibited a maximum energy density of 47.7 W h/kg at a power density of 550 W/kg. Interestingly, after 5000 cycles the composite shows excellent life stability that is a 78% retention of the electrochemical property. To demonstrate the portable energy storage applicability, a binder-free rGFP-based supercapacitor device was fabricated, which illustrated the operation of an LED bulb for 30 min when fully charged. These results indicate that synthesized ternary nanocomposites are worth their potential as an electrode material and would be used in next-generation high-rate energy storage systems.

Graphene quantum dot-doped polyaniline composites have been prepared by the chemical oxidation of aniline. Synthesized novel fibrous composites show an excellent specific capacitance value of ∼1044 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1) as well as moderate cyclic stability with a retention of life time of 80.1% after 3000 cycles.

The formation of unique polyaniline nanotubes has been reported in presence of graphene oxide (GO) which plays crucial dual role as dopant and soft template, simultaneously. GO in nanotubes is in situ reduced to reduced GO with restoration of electrical conductivities and enhanced thermal stabilities.

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Facile synthesis of polyaniline@Ag composite has been successfully demonstrated by a simple solution-dipping method using high-aspect-ratio benzene tetracarboxylic acid-doped polyaniline (BDP) fiber as a nontoxic reducing agent as well as template cum stabilizer. In BDP@Ag composite, BDP fibers are decorated with spherical Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs), and the population of Ag NPs on BDP fibers is controlled by changing the molar concentration of AgNO3. Importantly, Ag-NP-decorated BDP fibers (BDP@Ag composites) have been evolved as a sensitive materials for the detection of trace amounts of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and rhodamine 6G as an analyte of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and the detection limit is down to nanomolar concentrations with excellent recyclability. Furthermore, synthesized BDP@Ag composites are applied simultaneously as an active SERS substrate and a superior catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrothiophenol.