The utility of RAPD markers in assessing genetic diversity and phenetic relationships of six different species of Piper from Northeast India was investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with four arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers applied to the six species produced a total of 195 marker bands, of which, 159 were polymorphic. On average, six RAPD fragments were amplified per reaction. In the UPGMA phenetic dendrogram based on Jaccard's coefficient, the different accessions of Piper showed a high level of genetic variation. This study may be useful in identifying diverse genetic stocks of Piper, which may then be conserved on a priority basis.
For E&P upstream player, the most exciting oil and gas development project is to transform a commercial hydrocarbon resources into readiness for production to meet the company investment portfolio. It involves field development planning, design, technology, procurement, construction, drilling and start-up prior to handover to production operations. Most of the times, economic evaluation, assessment of risk and return on investiment (ROI) from the project are the key factors to determine the fate of the project during feasibility study and/or before the Final Investment Decision (FID) phase. Moreover the project cost, schedule, reserves to be developed and production profile are the key parameters to dictate the cash flow and net present value. The general practice is that once the project completed, the reservoir model will be updated with new findings and surprises observed during drilling phase and include in post drilling evaluation report. After this stage, the project team will be disbanded and most companies will be lacking a single point of accountability for delivering production as promised1. Once all the requirements and expectation have been met, the project is considered to be successfully delivered. In this case study, the real time production and survelliance data were analysed. Although initial production did not meet the FDP delivery target due to project delays and subsea facilities downtime which causes production deferment, the stabilized production trends with time indicated a potential reserves gain by about 50%. In summary, the analysis shows the value of analyzing the production and surveillance data by a dedicated team to assess the current field performance compared with the forecast profile from FDP study. The deviation can be a triggering point for revision on the resources figures, future infill opportunities and may contribute to the future cluster development within the same PSC.
Introduction: Diarrhea is a loose-waterly stool and is the second leading cause of death among children under five years. Oral rehydration solution and Zinc supplementation are cost-effective, easy to get, and are used to prevent dehydration among acute watery diarrhea (AWD) patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Using ORS and Zinc among Mothers of Acute Watery Diarrhea Patients in the Paediatric Outpatients Department of 250 Bed General Hospital, Jamalpur. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Paediatric Outpatients Department of 250 Bed General Hospital, Jamalpur from 01-01-2021 to 30-06- 2021 on 188 mothers (N=188) who brought their babies suffering from AWD. Questions were based on knowledge about diarrhea, ORS use, and Zinc supplementation. The data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0 and the level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Result: All the mothers were mainly between the ages of twenty-five to thirty-four years. The majority of mothers belonged to the lower socio- economic class. Around four-fifths of the mothers (148, 78.7%) strongly knew about preparing ORS and most of the mothers (83, 44.1%) used ORS every time. Around two-fifths of the mothers (75, 39.9%) strongly believed that ORS can prevent dehydration &twenty-four mothers (24, 12.8%) strongly agreed that Zinc supplementation help in the treatment of diarrhea. The majority of the mothers (119, 67.2%) did not wash their hands every time while preparing ORS during AWD. Conclusion: This study reveals that there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the management of diarrheal disease among mothers. Approaches should be necessary to implement the acceleration of Govt. programs and to educate mothers about the importance of using ORS and Zinc supplementation.
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