This paper presents a new open-ended winding induction motor (OEWIM) based dual-motor differential fourwheel drive (D4WD) for the electric vehicle (EV). Constant speed operation through cruise control is achieved using direct torque control (DTC) algorithm. The redundant vectors are used in the switching vector selection of the DTC algorithm to achieve balanced battery currents. Fault-tolerant operation of the drive is demonstrated, where the EV will work with full torque even if one of the inverters in rear motor drive or front motor drive or both fail. The dynamic model of the proposed drive is presented. The proposed drive and fault-tolerant operation (FTO) is verified through simulation as per the FTP-75 driving cycle. An experimental prototype of the proposed drive is developed, and the above algorithms are verified experimentally as per the FTP-75 and HFET driving cycles. Both the simulation as well as the experimental results are presented, and these results agree with the theoretical observations. Stable operation of EV for the entire test cycle under normal operation, as well as inverter fault conditions, is demonstrated.

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For high power electric vehicles (EVs), the drive propulsion based on induction motors are emerging as economical alternatives. Compared to conventional induction motors, the open-end winding induction motor (OEWIM) requires only half the DC bus voltage for the given torque. The EV power train based on dual two-level voltage source inverter (VSI) fed OEWIM with isolated dc sources is used in this research. For uniform state-of-charge (SoC) distribution, the power flow from each isolated source needs to be controlled. A two-stage model predictive direct torque control (MPDTC) scheme is proposed to balance the SoC of batteries by proper selection of the VSI voltage vectors. The proposed MPDTC scheme is free from weighting factor tuning and uses a ranking method to predict the optimal voltage vectors. The superiority of the proposed controller in terms of battery SoC balancing is demonstrated. The performance of the the proposed MPDTC EV drive is verified for the FTP75 and HFET driving cycles under different operating conditions, both by simulation and hardware experimental tests.