Intergenerational transmission is one process leading to cultural continuity. Transmission is assumed to be selective: Not all culturally relevant contents are transmitted. Transmission may be enhanced by “transmission belts,” that is, conditions favorable for transmission in a particular socioeconomic and cultural context, such as personal characteristics of the transmitter and the receiver (resources of education and age), and family interaction variables (parenting styles and parents’ marital relationship). This study explores the effects of these transmission belts on the similarity of values between Turkish fathers and their sons. The sample included 200 Turkish father-son dyads of two regions within Germany and 100 living in Turkey. The values transmitted were nine value categories subsumed under the two dimensions of collectivism and individualism. Predominately collectivistic values were transmitted because presumably, they serve group maintenance. Intergenerational transmission was enhanced by most of the transmission belts included in the study with the exception of cultural context.
This study examines the impact of parental goals and acculturation contexts on value transmission in immigrant families. Combining cross-national and cross-ethnic comparisons, 400 Turkish parent-child dyads in Germany and 190 Turkish and Moroccan dyads in the Netherlands were asked to report their commitment to family-based collectivism and individualism, their academic aspirations, as well as conformity, autonomy, and achievement goal stresses in their family. First, value transmission was selective. Across cultures, parental collectivism values were transmitted, but not individualism. Only in Germany, parental aspirations were also transmitted. Second, value transmission was mediated by parental goals. Across cultures, more collectivistic parents stressed conformity more, thereby enhancing effective transmission. Third, transmission was significant after controlling for gender and educational status of parents and youngsters. Finally, our transmission model was replicated across acculturation contexts and acculturating groups. But transmission was more intense in Germany than in the Netherlands, and in Turkish than in Moroccan families.
The main objective of this empirical research is the analysis of intergenerational transmission and integration of repatriate families from the former Soviet Union in Germany. Repatriates are of German origin generally coming from Eastern Europe, where their ancestors migrated about 250 years ago. They are permitted to immigrate into the Federal Republic of Germany if they can prove their German origin and a discrimination in the country they live because of their German culture. They can be distinguished from other migrant groups in Germany not only by their cultural closeness to the native population, but also by their legal status upon immigration. They are equal in civil rights to the German population after their admission. Therefore, most people assume that these immigrants do not have any problems to integrate into Germany. But as Germans amongst Germans, being fully supplied with all civil rights, repatriates are still in a real, and very complicated immigration situation. Alltogether 427 same sex parent-child dyads of repatriates from the former Soviet Union were interviewed. The empirical analyses are based on an evolution with standardized questionaires. Special regard is given to the question, how individual skills, contextual restrictions, and familial factors effects the process of acculturation of migrant families from the former Soviet Union in Germany. Specifically the analysis examines how the parent generation influences the children generation and how this affects their integration process.
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