Background: A familial history of hypertension increases the risk of hypertension in the offsprings. Aims and objectives:The present study was undertaken to assess the underlying hypertension by using the Isometric Handgrip (IHG) exercise test in the offsprings of hypertensive parents and to compare it with age-matched controls of normotensive parents. Material and Methods:The isometric handgrip test was performed in the study and control groups. The resting blood pressure was recorded before exercise and afterwards the subjects were asked to perform the isometric handgrip exercise with the dominant hand for 2 minutes. Then the blood pressure was recorded in the sitting position during and 5 minutes after the completion of the exercise.Statistical Analysis: The analysis of the results was done by ANOVA with SPSS, version 17.0, by using the unpaired 't' test. Results:The results showed that the Resting Systolic (SBP), Diastolic (DBP) and the Mean (MBP) Blood Pressures were higher (p <0.001) in the offsprings of the hypertensive parents as compared to those in the control subjects of normotensive parents. During the isometric handgrip exercise test, the rise in the systolic, diastolic and the mean blood pressures was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the offsprings of the hypertensive parents. After 5 minutes of exercise, the SBP, DBP and the MBP were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) in the study group as compared to those in the control group.Conclusions: An early and a regular screening of the children of hypertensive parents is necessary to prevent any future cardiovascular complications.
Background: Every activity requires a certain amount of concentration and no effective action may be performed without deep concentration. Businessman or artists or students in school must know the art of focusing all powers of attention on a single point in order to succeed in their respective vocation. Methods: We wanted to find the best technique to increase the concentration scientifically. We thus, endeavored to study and compare the reaction times in maneuvers of anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise. Reaction time test was taken online before anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise and compared after. Results: Reaction times decreased significantly and was least during gayatri mantra. Concentration as seen by a decrease in visual reaction time denotes first a withdrawal of attention from objects of distraction and then focusing all attention upon one thing at a time. Just 30 minutes of physical activity each day offers substantial benefits to your health. Conclusions: Pranayama or devotional music chanting also decreases fatigue keeps the mind alert, and active.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to study the sympathetic function tests during the follicular, luteal and menstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in normal healthy eumenorrheic females. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty females in the age group of 18-25 years were recruited for the study. Sympathetic non-invasive autonomic function tests were performed that is Isometric handgrip exercise test, cold pressor test and postural challenge test. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Results were analyzed by ANOVA with SPSS version 17.0 using unpaired 't' test. RESULTS: showed that during the luteal phase, there is a significant increase in the resting systolic (119.1±4.41) and diastolic (74.43±4.26) blood pressure, as compared to menstrual(SBP 116.11± 4.23 & DBP 72.13±3.44) and follicular phase(SBP 110.23 ± 4.46 & DBP 69.13±3.13) showing the sympathetic dominance (p<0.05). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure also showed significant increase (p<0.05) with the application of the stimulus [viz. isometric handgrip exercise, cold pressor tests and postural challenge test] during the luteal phase as compared to both follicular and menstrual phase. However, In the follicular phase, both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased with the application of the stimulus [ viz. isometric handgrip exercise(Follicular phase SBP 112.16±3.12, DBP 70.16±1.18), cold pressor tests (SBP 121.41±3.27, DBP 80.43±4.12) and postural challenge test (SBP 100.23±4.41, DBP 60.14±3.32)] as compared to the menstrual (IHG SBP 120.15±3.11, DBP 74.24±2.14, CPT SBP 125.17±3.29 DBP 86.22±4.16, postural challenge SBP 105.17±4.17, DBP 62.41±3.11) and luteal phase (IHG SBP124.12±2.21, DBP 78.12±3.23, CPT SBP 129.21±3.12 DBP 90.23±4.46, postural challenge SBP 109.21±4.61, DBP 65.12±3.22) showing the parasympathetic predominance. The decrease is statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that blood pressure in the resting state and during the stressful maneuvers like cold pressor test, isometric handgrip exercise and standing from lying posture was highest during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and lowest in the follicular phase. This correlates to the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome which has hormonal and neural basis.
Background: Obesity is one of the common significant health hazards and is associated with autonomic dysfunction. Aims and objectives: The present study was designed to assess the underlying autonomic neuropathy in obese subjects and to compare it with age-matched controls. Material and Methods: Thirty obese subjects in the age group of 21-40 years were recruited for the study. Six non-invasive autonomic function tests were performed out of which four were based mainly on parasympathetic control (Heart rate response to standing (30:15 ratio), The S:L (standing to lying) ratio, The Valsalva ratio, Heart rate response to deep breathing ) and the other two were mainly sympathetic (Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test and Cold Pressor Test). Statistical Analysis: Results were analysed by ANOVA with SPSS version 17.0 using unpaired‘t’ test. Results: Results showed that Heart rate response to standing(30:15 ratio), The S:L (standing to lying) ratio, The Valsalva ratio, Heart rate response to deep breathing, Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test and Cold Pressor Test were significantly lower (p <0.05) in obese subjects as compared to control subjects. Conclusions: Latent autonomic neuropathy may be present in otherwise healthy obese individuals. Early and regular screening of obese individuals is necessary to prevent any future complications
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