Background: Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is caused mainly by organisms present in the genital tract. Maternal risk factors increase the incidence of EONS. This study was done to find out the association between one such risk factor i.e., multiple vaginal examinations and EONS. Methods: Case control study. 114 patients with three or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as cases and 114 patients with less than three vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as controls. All these babies were followed up for the development of EONS. Results: Of the 114 cases, 6 babies developed EONS. None of the babies in the control group developed EONS. So, 3 or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes in labour is significantly associated with early onset neonatal sepsis with p-value of 0.01305. Conclusions: Multiple vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes is a risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis.

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Background: Maternal mortality and morbidity remain signicant public health concerns, despite modern perinatal care. Excessive and insufcient gestational weight gain have been associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes, of which hypertensive disorders of pregnancy constitute 10%. The aim of the study was to nd an association between ges Objective: tational weight gain(GWG) and the development of gestational hypertension. This cross-sectional study included all the antenatal women attending the OPD of the obstetrics department in Dr SMCSI medical college from June 2018 to October 2019. Their BMI was calculated and based on that, these patients were categorized into 4 groups as normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese. Their weight gain was recorded on each visit and monitored. Antenatal complications were noted and followed up for the development of gestational hypertension. Among 930 antenatal Results: women selected, all mothers with normal BMI were in the recommended weight gain group. Less than recommended weight gain mothers were mostly underweight (80.6%) and more than recommended mothers were overweight (66.6%). In our study there were a signicant number of mothers with gestational hypertension 22.6% who had more than the recommended amount of weight gain (p=0.005) Gestational hypertension Conclusion: was seen more among mothers with more than the recommended amount of weight gain

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Background: The placenta is a multifaceted organ which modulates and modifies the maternal environment resulting in foetal development. It could be assumed that a healthy placenta culminates in a healthy foetus. Hence the morphometric analysis of a placenta during sonogram is inevitable. The aim of the study was to estimate the relationship between placental thickness and estimated foetal weight.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study and included 450 antenatal women attending the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tirunelveli Medical College from May 2013 to May 2014. These women had regular cycles with a known Last menstrual period and a singleton foetus. After ethics committee approval, meticulous history including age, parity, demographic factors and past history were recorded. After obtaining consent, these women underwent placental thickness measurement between 14-40 weeks of pregnancy.Results: In the study mean placental thickness between the ranges of 11-49mm was 28.7mm and mean estimated foetal weight was 1.421kilogram. The correlation between the two was 0.943. Hence the positive correlation between the placental thickness and foetal weight is confirmed (p value <0.001).Conclusions: Determining the estimated foetal weight is an important reason for doing a sonogram, especially in third trimester. Placental thickness measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion can serve as an additional parameter in estimating foetal weight in addition to the foetal parameters, since there is a linear correlation between placental thickness and foetal weight.