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Reversible solid oxide cells can provide efficient and cost-effective scheme for electrical-energy storage applications. However, this technology faces many challenges from material development to system-level operational parameters , which should be tackle for practical purposes. Accordingly, this study focuses on developing novel robust artificial intelligence-based blackbox models to optimize operational variables of the system. A genetic-programming algorithm is used for Pareto modeling of reversible solid oxide cells in a multi-objective fashion based on experimental input-output data. The robustness of the obtained optimal model evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations technique. An optimization study adopted to optimize the operating parameters, such as temperature and fuel composition using a differential evolution algorithm. The objective functions that have been considered for Pareto multi-objective modeling process are training error and model complexity. In addition, the discrepancy between maximum and minimum output voltage in the whole operation of the system is chosen as the optimization process objective function. The robustness of the optimal trade-off model is shown in terms of statistical indices for varied uncertainty levels from 1 to 10%. The optimized operational condition based on the suggested model reveals optimal intermediate temperature of 762 °C and fuel mixture of about 29% H 2 , 25% H 2 O, and 14% CO.

From result of the study it can be concluded Group B samples showed significantly superior seal when compared with Group A. Complete seal was not observed in any of Group A samples.

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The Saharjuri Outlier is one of the three coal-bearing areas in the Deogarh Coalfield. There have been doubts about the age and stratigraphical position of these beds. A recent collection of plant megafossils from Chitra Mine Area in the Saharjuri Outlier shows the presence of Gangamopteris maheshwarii sp. nov., Gangamopteris obovata Carruthers, Glossopteris deogarhensis sp. nov. Glossopteris linearis Feistmantel, Glossopteris decipiens Feistmantel, Noeggerathiopsis conspicua Lele & Makada, Noeggerathiopsis saharjuriensis sp. nov, Noeggerathiopsis bihariensis sp. nov., Cordaicarpus sp., Samaropsis sp. and Vertebraria indica Royle, Overall assemblage is characteristically basal Barakar in composition, having close similarity to some of the known assemblages from the Karharbari "Formation"/"Stage" (Noeggerathiopsis - Gangamopteris Assemblage Zone).

Two new dichotomously branched infructescences, a gynoclad and an androclad, are reported from shales associated with the Lalmatia Coalseam in Hura Coalfield, Rajmahal Basin, Bihar. The branched infructescences though are found in association with ginkgophyte leaves, yet their affinities seem to be with the pteridospermous groups.

Megaspores of six species of the genus Selaginello were studied under light microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. In general, the sporoderm of all the species investigated shows a tuberculate sculpture, intervening areas have fine reticulum. The sporopollenin units could also be examined in some megaspores by fracturing the spore wall. Key-words-, , , ,

The waste generated in temples is presently piled at one place and then disposed off in water bodies or dumped on land to decay which causes several environmental problems such as water, soil pollution, etc. The aim of the paper is to determine the biogas yield by using temple waste as a raw material. A prototype experimental setup has been developed to find the quality of biogas produced by flower waste with the help of gas chromatographer. The experiment was conducted during cold months in the composite climatic conditions of Lucknow, India. Prototype digesters of 2 m3 capacity were used and fed with flower waste which was digested in daily feeding for a retention period of summer and winter seasons. Preliminary results indicate that the process is effective in reducing the pollution potential of the flower waste. The process removed a lot of environmental pollutants as total solids, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), etc. respectively, along with biogas production. The results of the biogas from flower waste were compared as 43%–50% methane (CH4) and 44%–50% carbon dioxide (CO2) during winter season (December to February) and 50%–54% methane (CH4) and 40%–43% carbon dioxide (CO2) during summer season (March to May). © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011