Introduction. The peculiarity of this work is to determine the prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) in children and the risk factors for its development in Mongolia. This country is intensively developing economically and is at the stage of transition to an industrial society, which allows assessing the impact of environmental and population changes on the frequency of BA formation. The aim of the work is to determine the prevalence and risk factors for the development of BA in children of Mongolia. Materials and methods. The prevalence of BA and data on patients aged from birth to 19 years living in Ulaanbaatar, 17 aimags and six districts of Mongolia were studied using a modified written questionnaire. To determine the prevalence of BA, we surveyed parents and 1,779 BA children patients. Information on biomedical and socio-hygienic risk factors for the development of BA in children of Mongolia was obtained after analyzing the data of a special questionnaire from 1,507 schoolchildren. All the received data are processed statistically. Results. The prevalence of BA in children of Mongolia was found to account for 11 per 1,000 children. The highest incidence of BA in children was found mainly in the northern regions of Mongolia, with a sharply continental climate and high air pollution. Among the risk factors for the formation of BA in children, the most significant are burdened heredity, smoking, unfavourable living conditions, pregnancy pathology, Breastfeeding disorders in the newborn period, irrational nutrition of the child, acute respiratory infections. In 50% of BA patients, a significant increase in eosinophils was revealed. 61.2% of patients had an increased level of IgE. Regardless of the region of residence of BA children, polyvalent pollen sensitization was the most frequent - 59.3%, food allergy - 55.5%, epidermal allergy - 38.3% of cases, household (8.3%) and fungal sensitization (5%) were rarely detected. Treatment of 89 BA children in the National Center for Maternal and Child Health hospital under the Global Initiative for Asthma strategy helped improve patients’ condition.
The data of examination of 80 in-patients with the mixed form of cystic fibrosis (CF) are presented. All cases were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of the course of the disease. 16 conditionally healthy children made up a reference group. Determination of blood serum concentrations of interleukins (IL4, IL6), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor-TIMP-1 was performed by immunoassay ELISA method. The changes in the content of MMP and TIMP-1 in the blood serum of patients with various severity of the course of CF were found to be characterized by a significant decrease in MMP-8 and TIMP-1 concentrations, an increase in MMP-2 levels in children with moderate СF and a significant increase in MMP-9 concentrations, especially pronounced in patients with severe CF. At the same time, no definite dependence of the changes in MMP and TIMP-1 concentrations in the blood serum of patients on the frequency of exacerbations in the CF course and the dominant microbiota was found. Changes in the content of IL and TGF-β1 in the blood serum of children with the various severity of the course of CF were characterized by an increase in the concentrations of IL4 and TGFβ1 by more than 9.8 times, and IL6 - by 4.6 times if compared with the reference group. However, there no direct correlation was found between the changes in their production and the severity of the course of CF. The authors believe elevated levels of MMP, TIMP, and altered relationships between them can be used as biomarkers of the exacerbation of CF course in children.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.