Abstract. In a quasi-representative survey, 1242 respondents were asked to describe a situation or event that had elicited an emotion on the previous day. They were also asked to report on the respective appraisal and reaction patterns as well as to verbally label the experience. In addition, they completed a rating list on the relative frequency of experiencing each of 14 emotions and a medical symptom list. The data are Editor's noteThe present issue of SSI publishes the results of a large-scale survey on the frequency of different emotions in everyday life, conducted by Klaus R. Scherer, Tanja Wranik, Janique Sangsue, Véronique Tran and Ursula Scherer from the Emotion Research Group in Geneva, Switzerland. It is hoped that the presentation of the data in this article, unusual from the standpoint of mainstream psychological research, may stimulate debate on currently neglected issues in emotion research. In order to encourage an interdisciplinary, phenomenon-oriented approach, rather than sticking to a narrow paradigm, and to confront a variety of approaches, we have invited leading scholars from various disciplines to comment on this article. interpreted in terms of the odds of experiencing a particular type of emotion in everyday life, mediated by ''risk factors'' such as culture, socio-demographic background, personality, health, and situational context. Further results concern typical appraisals and reactions for different emotions and relationships between everyday emotions and subjective well-being (life satisfaction and subjective health).Key words. Cultural differences -Dispositional emotionality -Emotional response organization -General population survey of emotion -Health and emotion -Risk factors for emotion elicitation Résumé. Dans une étude quasi-représentative, nous avons interrogé 1242 sujets sur le rappel en mémoire d'un événement ayant généré une émotion au cours de la journée précédente, en leur demandant de décrire verbalement l'expérience émotionnelle en question et les patterns de réaction correspondants. Ils ont également complété un questionnaire quant à la relative fréquence avec laquelle ils ressentent 14 différentes émotions, ainsi qu'une série de symptômes physiques. Les données ont été interprétées en termes de probabilités d'éprouver tel ou tel type d'émotions dans la vie courante, modulées par des facteurs de risque tels que le contexte socio-culturel, le profil socio-démographique, la personnalité, la santé, et l'endroit dans lequel les émotions ont été éprouvées. D'autres résultats portent sur l'attribution causale et les patterns de réactions typiques à différentes émotions, ainsi que sur les relations entre expériences émotionnelles et bien-être subjectif (satisfaction de vie et santé subjective).
Despite extensive research on emotional expression, there are few validated tests of individual differences in emotion recognition competence (generally considered as part of nonverbal sensitivity and emotional intelligence). This paper reports the development of a rapid test of emotion recognition ability, the Emotion Recognition Index (ERI), consisting of two subtests: one for facial and one for vocal emotion recognition. The rationale underlying the test's construction, item selection, and analysis are described and a major validation study with more than 3,500 professional candidates, providing stable norms, is reported. Additional analyses concern differences for gender, age, and education, as well as correlations with cognitive intelligence and personality factors. Moreover, a separate validation study with a student sample reports the correlations of the ERI with some of the major published tests in this area, demonstrating satisfactory construct validity. Correlations between ERI scores and the position of candidates in the organizational hierarchy suggest that recognition competence might be might contribute to predicting career advancement.
Emotional state affects the physiological mechanism involved in phonation. Differences in acoustical parameters of the voice under stress have been attributed to the coping mechanism used, which is based on the individual's perception of the situation. This study examines the relationship between coping strategies, personality, and voice in female subjects, ranging in age from 19.3-55.7 years, diagnosed with vocal nodules or polyps. The differences between coping strategies and personality are examined and compared with another group with no history of voice pathology. The relationship of personality and coping strategies to voice quality variables is reported. Results show that patients use emotional coping strategies more and cognitive coping strategies less than the comparison group. Type of voice pathology was found to be related to dominance, and a number of coping and personality variables were found to correlate significantly with voice quality.
P s y c h o l . Res. 39, 2 2 1 -2 4 7 (1977) © by S p r i n g e r -V e r l a g 1977
EDI‐scores of two groups of patients (one with no or relatively short and one with extended training in classical ballet dancing in the past) in treatment at an outpatient clinic for eating disorders were compared. The two groups were not different on main clinical characteristics or on a composite variable Bulimic Syndrome (based on a factor analysis) in which scores on the EDI‐subscales Bulimia, Body Dissatisfaction, and Interpersonal Distrust were combined. Significant differences were found for Emotional Deficiency (Interoceptive Awareness and Maturity Fears) and Performance Striving (Drive for Thinness, Perfectionism, and Ineffectiveness), patients with extended ballet training in the past having significantly higher scores.
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