BACKGROUND Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a clinical finding described commonly in kidney and gallbladder, but xanthogranulomatous appendicitis is rare and very few cases have been reported so far. We report a case of a 56-year-old lady who presented with acute pain in Rt lower quadrant of abdomen along with nausea. Ultrasonography was inconclusive and with clinical impression of acute appendicitis, the patient underwent appendicectomy. Histologically, a diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous appendicitis was made.
BACKGROUND Enlargement of lymph nodes is called lymphadenopathy. Superficial lymphadenopathy is a common presentation in clinical practice. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is simple, reliable and easily acceptable to the patients and has an important role in the diagnosis of superficial lymphadenopathies. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe present study is a retrospective analysis of 378 cases of enlarged, superficial lymph nodes referred to the Department of Pathology, JNIMS (Manipur), for a period of four years i.e. January 2013 to December 2016. We aim to present the various cytomorphologic diagnosis of these cases. RESULTSOur study observed that non-specific reactive lymphadenopathy was the most common pathology and was seen in 176 cases (46.56%), most common in the age group of 11 to 20 years and among females the occurrence of tubercular lymphadenopathy was also quite high and was seen in 122 cases (32%) constituting the second most common presentation. Acute suppurative lymphadenitis made up 47 cases (12.43%). Both tubercular and suppurative lymphadenopathies were seen most commonly in the age group of 21 to 30 years and also common among females. Metastatic lymph nodes were found in the age group above 60 years and constituted 19 cases (5.02%) and was seen more commonly among the male patients. Malignant lymphomas were seen commonly in the age group of 50 to 60 years, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma made up 11 cases (2.9%) with female preponderance, while Hodgkin's lymphoma was seen in only 3 cases (0.79%) and more common among males. We also observed that in all these cases cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common presentation constituting 292 cases (77.24%). CONCLUSIONSuperficial lymphadenopathy is a common clinical presentation. The underlying cause can vary from a curable inflammatory lesion to a fatal malignant lesion. In this study, we present the role of FNAC in the cytomorphologic diagnosis of various forms of superficial lymphadenopathies. KEYWORDS FNAC: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology; Lymphadenopathy; Cytomorphology. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Urmila K, Haobam S, Thiyam U. FNAC as a simple tool for the diagnosis of superficial lymphadenopathy-a study in an institute in the North-Eastern States of India. J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 2018;7(11):13287(11): -1332/jemds/2018/302 BACKGROUND Enlarged lymph nodes are referred to as lymphadenopathy. (1) It was a common clinical finding among patients attending the outpatient department. The cytomorphological patterns of the lymph nodes would vary, depending on the causative underlying disease and the response of the organ which might range from a simple curable benign lesion to a fatal malignant pathology. (2) Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, reliable, inexpensive and easily acceptable diagnostic tool for superficial lymphadenopathies, (3,4) even though limitations
Haemoglobinopathies are a major health problem worldwide. Because of the high prevalence of these disorders in India and especially in North-East, we undertook this limited student based study as RIMS comprised students from the seven North-East states of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura. AIMS: To study the prevalence of haemoglobin variants among the North-East students of RIMS and to find out any abnormal haemoglobin pattern pertaining to a particular community. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The present study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, RIMS. From Sept. 2002 to Dec. 2004, our study included 100 student volunteers taking a minimum of ten from each of the seven states. History of presenting complaints, personal, family and past illness were taken. Physical examination was done with special emphasis on appearance, presence of pallor, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly etc. Blood samples were collected in 2 EDTA vials, one was used for CBC and another for preparation of hemolysate. CBC was done for all cases by electronic cell counter supported by manual hemocytometry, peripheral blood examination and reticulocyte count. All the cases were routinely screened for haemoglobin type using standard alkaline cellulose acetate electrophoresis with Tris-Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) borate buffer. Fetal Hb. estimation, sickling test, serum bilirubin estimation were also done in relevant cases. RESULTS: Out of the 100 student volunteers studied, 98 cases showed HbA pattern in 46 males and 52 females while HbE was seen in 2 cases, 1 male and a female. The prevalence of HbE was 2% in our study, which belonged to the ethnic group of Garo of Meghalaya. Both case had mild anemia with microcytosis and normal reticulocyte count. Peripheral smear showed anisopoikilocytosis and target cells. RBC count, MCH values were within normal range. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that HbA was the predominant haemoglobin type amongst the North-East students of RIMS. HbE was also prevalent amongst these students and common among the mongoloid group of Garo with an incidence of 2%. As this study is limited student volunteer based, it cannot represent any community/population. It emphasises the need for further studies with a larger sample involving many communities of different ethnic groups to support the above findings before drawing a conclusion. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE:
Background: Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by scaly white papules and pinpoint bleeding on scratching. Presence of keratinocyte hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation in the epidermis are some significant features. Histopathologically, it is difficult for the dermatopathologists to differentiate psoriasis from psoriasiform dermatitis when there is a lack of typical features. Aims: To study the Ki-67 antigen expression in the different layers of epidermis of psoriatic skin lesion and its utility in the diagnosis and to differentiate psoriasis from other psoriasiform dermatitis by studying the distribution pattern of Ki-67 immunostaining. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 91 skin lesions which were clinically labelled as psoriasis and psoriasiform dermatitis were studied, which was confirmed by histopathological examination and followed by Ki-67 immunostaining. The distribution of Ki-67 immunostaining in the supra-basal layer, basal layer and whole epidermis was studied. Results: Ki67 staining was significantly higher in the suprabasal layer and whole epidermis in psoriatic lesions compared to psoriasiform dermatitis. The suprabasal Ki-67 mitotic index was also significantly higher in psoriasis group than psoriasiform dermatitis (p <0.05). We found that in psoriasis > 50% Ki-67 positive keratinocytes are scattered in the suprabasal layer of the epidermis in comparison to the psoriasiform dermatitis which is < 50%. Conclusion: We suggest that Ki-67 labelling index can be used for diagnosing psoriasis and also can differentiate it from other psoriasiform dermatitis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.