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The banana shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) is one of the most commercially important penaeid species in the world. Its numbers are declining in the wild, leading to a loss of broodstock for farmers of the shrimp and a need for more successful breeding programs. However, the molecular mechanism of the genes involved in this shrimp’s ovarian maturation is still unclear. Consequently, we compared transcriptomic profiles of ovarian tissue from females in both the vitellogenic stage and the non-vitellogenic stage. Using RNA-Seq technology to prepare the transcriptome libraries, a total of 12,187,412 and 11,694,326 sequencing reads were acquired from the non-vitellogenic and vitellogenic stages respectively. The analysis of the differentially expressed genes identified 1,025 which were significantly differentially expressed between the two stages, of which 694 were up-regulated and 331 down-regulated. Four genes putatively involved in the ovarian maturation pathway were chosen for validation by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The data from this study provided information about gene expression in ovarian tissue of the banana shrimp which could be useful for a better understanding of the regulation of this species’ reproductive cycle.

Human Fortilin, an antiapoptotic protein, has also been implicated in several diseases; however, several potential uses of fortilin have also been proposed. Bearing the implications of fortilin in mind, fortilin analog, which has no complication with diseases, is required. Since a recombinant full-length fortilin from Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (rFm-Fortilin (FL)) reported only 44% (3e-27) homologous to human fortilin, therefore the biological activities of the Fm-Fortilin (FL) and its fragments (F2, F12, and F23) were investigated for potential use against HEMA toxicity from filling cement to pulp cell. The rFm-Fortilin FL, F2, 12, and F23 were expressed and assayed for proliferation activity. The rFm-Fortilin (FL) showed proliferation activity on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and protected the cells from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) at 1-20 ng/ml. In contrast, none of the rFm-Fortilin fragments promoted HDPC growth that may be due to a lack of three conserved amino acid residues together for binding with the surface of Rab GTPase for proliferative activity. In addition, rFm-Fortilin (FL) activated mineralization and trend to suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines, including histamine (at 10 ng/ml) and TNF-α (at 100 ng/ml). Besides, the rFm-Fortilin (FL) did not mutate the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell. Therefore, the rFm-Fortilin (FL) has the potential use as a supplementary medical material to promote cell proliferation in patients suffering severe tooth decay and other conditions.

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Shrimp farming is a substantial income source in many countries. Farming is well established for some shrimp species, such as Penaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp), Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Freshwater shrimp) and Penaeus monodon (Black tiger shrimp).Despite Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (Banana shrimp) being wellknown to consumers, most of this shrimp production is from capture fisheries. This situation has led to overfishing of F. merguiensis, eventually damaging the 'species' genetic diversity and even threatening the extinction of this shrimp.Recently, transplantation technology has been applied successfully to several fish, including Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) (Farlora et al., 2014;Okutsu et al., 2007;Yoshikawa et al., 2018). This technique allows the transfer of the spermatogonia of a donor fish that exhibits desirable characteristics into a female recipient. This technology could be helpful in the genetic diversity conservation of F. merguiensis. However, applying this technology, that is, transferring spermatogonia from F. merguiensis to recipients of the same species or other shrimp species that could be good breeding partners, requires the availability of molecular markers that can be used to follow the genetic contributions of the donor in the recipient. VASA (Ddx4) is one of the markers used to detect germ cells in animals. The VASA gene is a member of the DEAD-box family (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) of ATP-dependent RNA helicases and is

The number of patients with insulin-resistant diabetes has significantly increased. Thus, alternative insulin mimetics are required for such patients. Some evidences indicate that ribosomal protein L10a (RpL10a) is involved in the insulin pathway. In addition, we previously demonstrated that recombinant RpL10a from Fenneropenaeus merguiensis ( Fm -RpL10a) could stimulate cell proliferation and trehalose metabolism in RpL10a–over-expressing flies by inducing insulin receptor ( InR ) expression and some insulin signaling mediators phosphorylation. In this study, we investigated the in silico binding between Fm -RpL10a and InR. The results indicated that Fm -RpL10a bound to InR at residues 635–640 and 697–702 of the FnIII2 domain. This binding was confirmed using a pull-down and immunofluorescence assay. Further analysis indicated that Fm -RpL10a could stimulate glucose utilisation by insulin-resistant cells (IRCs) and healthy cells. Additionally, Fm -RpL10a at a low concentration (1 μg/ml) altered some glucose metabolism-related genes expression in Fm -RpL10a treated IRCs. The qRT-PCR result revealed the up-regulation of Hk1 , which encode key enzymes in glycolysis. Conversely, the expression of G6pc3 , which participates in gluconeogenesis, was down-regulated. Overall, the results suggest that Fm -RpL10a can alleviate insulin resistance by stimulating insulin signaling via the FnIII2 domain of InR and activate glycolysis. Therefore, Fm -RpL10a may be a candidate insulin mimetic for the treatment of diabetes.