The purpose of this this study was to examine the athlete-coach relationship between soccer players with respect to their professional level and age of starting soccer. 284 amateur football players and 154 professional football players, aged 15 and over, participated to the study. Athlete–Coach relationship scale was used as a data collection tool. The analysis of the obtained data was analyzed by two-way multivariate variance analysis (2-way MANOVA). As a result of the analysis, the level of communication between the coach and the athlete the age of starting soccer and the status of becoming amateur, professional soccer player had emerged significant difference. Amateur footballers have a better communication level with their coaches than professional footballers, and when the age of starting sport is considered the relations of football players who started sports after 11 years of age and becoming professional footballers are at the highest level of communication with coaches according to this result.
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the general warm-up and the FIFA 11+ warm-up program on athletic performance and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test scores. Materials and methods: Participants were divided into two groups, the general warm-up group (GWG) (n=20) and the FIFA 11+ warm-up group (FWG) (n= 20). Anthropometric measurements, 10-20-30m sprint, zig-zag agility with and without the ball, vertical jump, sit and reach flexibility, Yo-Yo, star excursion balance and FMS tests were performed. “Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test” was used to determine the difference between the pretest and posttest of the participants. Results: 20 meters and 30 meters sprint, endurance skills and the FMS subtests in shoulder mobility and FMS total score improved in the posttest of GWG group. 10 m, 20 m, 30 m speed, agility, vertical jump, balance, endurance, flexibility and all FMS subtests and the FMS total scores improved in the posttest of FWG group. Conclusion: FIFA 11+ exercises in warm-up have a significant impact on athletic performance and Functional Movement Screen test scores.
This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of school-based physical activity interventions on physical fitness and psychological responses in children and young people. Studies were conducted from Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed databases between 1 January 2017 and 1 December 2022 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. For the research to be conducted in the databases, "School-Based Intervention", "physical fitness ", "Psychology", School-based intervention, physical fitness and psychological responses were used in the title and abstract. The database review revealed seventy-four (74) studies. However, after eliminating seventeen (17) duplicate studies, fifty-five (57) studies remained. Subsequently, seventeen (17) studies were eliminated after reviewing the abstracts. After forty (40) studies were thoroughly analysed, eighteen (18) publications not involving psychological factors, five (5) publications involving research methods and six (6) review studies were excluded. The remaining eleven (11) studies were used after review. The results of the present systematic review showed that school-based physical activity interventions contribute positively to children's physical fitness and psychological health while ensuring a healthy life for years to come.
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