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The binary nanocomposite (BNC) was synthesized by using SnCl 2 •5H 2 O and C 12 H 28 O 4 Ti precursors and characterized by Brunauer− Emmett−Teller analysis, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The characterization results confirm the successful synthesis of binary nanocomposite with size of about 15 nm. The synthesized binary nanocomposite (BNC) was evaluated for lead ions (Pb 2+ ) removal from aqueous solution and antimicrobial activities. The maximum adsorption capacities of 68.36, 68.81, and 70.01 mgg −1 of lead (Pb 2+ ) ions were detected at 293, 303, and 313 K, respectively. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to the adsorption data, and the high regression value (R 2 ) suggests that the Langmuir model describes the adsorption data better than the Freundlich model. The q m and K b values revealed that the binary nanocomposite exhibits good adsorption capacity for lead (Pb 2+ ) ions. Moreover, it was also observed that the binary nanocomposite bears good antimicrobial activities against selected stains.

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Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) are viable alternative green sources compared to the chemical available methods in several approach like Food, medical, biotechnology, and textile industries. The biological synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), as a strong photocatalytic agent, has proved as more effective and safer method. In this study, PtNPs were synthesized at four different temperatures (25 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C, and 100 °C). PtNPs synthesized at 100 °C were smaller and exhibited spherical morphology with a high degree of dispersion. A series of physicochemical characterizations were applied to investigate the synthesis, particle size, crystalline nature, and surface morphology of PtNPs. The biosynthesized PtNPs were tested for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiations. The results showed that PtNPs exhibited remarkable photocatalytic activity by degrading 98% of MB only in 40 min. The acid phosphatase mediated PtNPs showed strong bacterial inhibition efficiency against S. aureus and E. coli. Furthermore, it showed high antioxidant activity (88%) against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH). In conclusion, this study provided an overview of the applications of PtNPs in food chemistry, biotechnology, and textile industries for the deterioration of the natural and synthetic dyes and its potential application in the suppression of pathogenic microbes of the biological systems. Thus, it could be used as a novel approach in the food microbiology, biomedical and environmental applications.

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