Objective: To determine frequency of recurrent miscarriages in advance maternal age (>35 years). Study Desing: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bakhtawar Amin Trust Teaching Hospital, Multan, Pakistan, from January 2021 to June 2021. Material and Methods: One hundard and ninty six women were enrolled. The demographic information like name, age, address, number of gravida, para and the number of miscarriages was obtained. The outcome variable (proportion of woman having recurrent miscarriages) was recorded on a specific proforma. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the data. Results: Among 196 women, 122 (62.2%) were aged between 35 to 40 years. Overall mean age was calculated to be 38.1+3.6 years. Analysis of gravidity and parity distribution showed that majority of women, 55 (28.1%) were G6P1A4 while G5P1A3 were 41 (20.9%). There were 86 (43.9%) women who had conceived 6 times in the past. Among 196 women with recurrent miscarriages, majority of the patients 109 (55.6%) were having previous 3 miscarriages. Frequency of recurrent miscarriages in maternal age >35 years in the present study was found to be 14.8% Conclusion: Increased risk of fetal loss was observed with increasing maternal age in women aged more than 35 years. Frequency of recurrent miscarriages in advance maternal age was 14.8%. Keywords: Recurrent miscarriages, maternal age, fetal loss.
Objective: To determine the frequency of correct fetal weight estimation by clinical and ultrasound methods in pregnant women. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nishtar Hospital Multan, From February 2021 to July 2022. Methodology: A total of 383 women with singleton pregnancy, gestational age between 37 to 40 weeks and who underwent labor induction or elective cesarean section were included. Fetal weight estimation was done by clinical and ultrasound methods in pregnant women. Following delivery, “actual birth weight” of neonate was measured and data recorded in the shape of correct fetal weight estimation by both studied methods. Results: In a total of 383 women, the mean age was 29.50±2.22 years ranging between 18-35 years while the mean gestational age was 38.09±0.91 weeks. The mean mother’s weight was 70.19±10.56 kg, mean clinical weight estimation 3127.03±561.38 grams, mean ultrasound weight estimation 3137.25±658.05 grams and mean actual weight was 3157.63±648.33 grams. Correct clinical weight estimation was reported in 49.6% cases while correct ultrasound weight estimation was noted in 80.9%. Practical Implications: Accuracy in fetal weight estimation can be achieved by applying Dare’s method in the clinical setting. Conclusion: Fetal weight estimation adopting Dare's formula was found to be comparable to ultrasound estimation for the prediction of actual birth weight within 10%. Keywords: Fetal weight, gestational age, singleton, ultrasound.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic validity of Sonosalphingography as a tubal patency test in infertile women using laparoscopy as gold standard. Methodology: This study was carried out at the Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, and the duration of this study was from January 2021 to June 2021. We used the WHO method for sample size by taking the prevalence of tuboperitoneal factors as 30%, sensitivity 72.9%, specificity 81.22%, margin of error 12%, and 95% confidence interval. It was a cross-sectional study that lasted for 6 months and assessed a total of 178 patients. Additionally, a non-probability, sequential sampling strategy was utilized to acquire the sample. Results: Our patients aged between 18-45 years, out of which 30% of the participants aged 18 to 25 years, 55% were between 26 and 35 years, and 15% were between 36 and 45 years. Standard deviation was 1.26, with a mean age of 27. The data collected from both the diagnostic tests was analyzed, diagnostic accuracy of Sonosalphingography was calculated as a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 76%, positive predictive value of 90%, negative predictive value of 60%, and diagnostic accuracy of 79%. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, Sonosalphingography is a very helpful supplemental diagnostic tool for evaluating tubal disease in patients with infertility, though direct laparoscopic assessment is the gold standard. Sonosalphingography and laparoscopy can be used to evaluate patients with secondary infertility. This spares the patient from being exposed to radiations and the discomfort of contrast administration in HSG. Keywords: Diagnostic Accuracy, Sonosalphingography, Tubal Patency, Infertility, Laparoscopy
Objective: The study compared the effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin, administered post caesarian section for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Study Design: This was a prospective single center, case-control, cross sectional, observational, double ended study conducted from September 2020 to January 2022, comprising 150 female patients. Methods: The study was conducted at Hameeda Memorial Hospital Lahore in women undergoing caesarean section under regional and general anesthesia. Women were randomized to receive either carbetocin or oxytocin 5 IU intravenously. Results: Average age of patients was 34.5 years with average BMI of 27. It was noted that patients who were administered drugs had 348.6ml less blood loss than those not administered in PPH. Patients who did not received the drugs had average 800 ml blood loss. Whereas those who did had the drug had average of 451ml loss of bleed in PPH. Carbetocin showed effectiveness in preventing PPH by maintaining uterine tone. It was found that it significantly reduced the need for additional uterine contractile interventions to prevent or treat excessive bleeding after cesarean. In high-risk women, carbetocin has been found to be more effective than oxytocin in preventing blood loss greater than 500 mL during the cesarean section. Practical Implication: This study will help the gynecologists in selecting potent and safe therapeutic agents for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhages in high risk females. Conclusion: Carbetocin has been shown to be a safe and effective option for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in high-risk women as compared to other therapeutic agents along with potential safety margins. Keywords: Carbetocin, efficacy, safety, prevention, postpartum hemorrhage, oxytocin, uterotonic
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.