The relevance of the problem under study is due to high importance of social and labor sphere for society and economics. In conditions of transformation of basic public life concepts, emergence of new paradigms and values, increasing instability of social environment there is a need for a more profound study of peculiarities and trends in the social and labor relations development at different levels of their manifestation. The task is also updated due to the lack of the existing methodological and methodical tools to study new social phenomena born by modern transformations of labor and entrepreneurship. The article is aimed at the disclosure of the specific character of social and labor relations, based on the systemic approach, the identification of systemic contradictions between labor and capital and the search of directions for the sustainable development of social and labor sphere as well as the substantiation of the holistic (integrated) approach to the study of labor and entrepreneurship problems and the creation of a unified theory of labor and entrepreneurship as relevant tools to study changing labor in the context of a new social reality. The leading method of solving this methodological problem is the systemic and socioeconomic analysis allowing to identify two-way relationship of economic and social processes and to introduce the study of labor and entrepreneurship in a wider methodological context.The article materials can be useful for researchers, who are interested in the issues of methodology of labor economics, labor sociology, social politics and for a wider group of scientists and experts engaged in the development of technologies and system solutions of social and labor relations problems.
Abstract-The relevance of the problem under study is due to, on the one hand, narrowness of the methodological basis of modern labour economics for formation of a single subject field of interdisciplinary studies of social and economic transformations of the labor and entrepreneurship in the modern world. On the other hand, there is insufficiency of available methodological and methodical tools for the study of new social phenomena, born by contemporary transformations of labor and entrepreneurship. The article is aimed at substantiation of the holistic (integrative) approach to studying labor and entrepreneurship problems and creation of a unified theory of labor and entrepreneurship, as relevant tools of changing labor study in the context of a new social reality. Socioeconomic analysis is the leading method in solving the problem that allows revealing the two-way communication of economic and social processes and introducing studies of labor and entrepreneurship into the wider social context. The article shows a number of steps, making it possible to overcome the peripheral status of the labor economics and introduce it into the methodological core of modern social researches through a significant expansion of the object field of researches, updating methodological tools and increasing interdisciplinary interaction with non-economic sciences. It is shown how the complication of a conceptual labor model based on the principle of duality and bilateral socioeconomic consideration of the research subject can reveal the heuristic potential of labor socioeconomics, while retaining analytical advantages of the cost analysis, developed by the labor economics. Article materials can be useful for researchers who are interested in the issues of methodology of labor economics, labor sociology, and for a wider range of scientists and experts engaged in the development of technologies and system solutions of labor and entrepreneurship problems. Keywords-labormethodology, socioeconomics, labor economics, labor sociology, subject area of labor studies, socioeconomic theory of labor and entrepreneurship. I. THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS AND ITS SYSTEM FEATURESToday in science and practice, there are different interpretations of social and labor relations. The most frequent variant is when social and labor relations are understood as mass relations arising among participants of production during their interaction concerning remuneration for work, its conditions, employment, forms and methods of conflict resolution [20]. A more concise definition is social and labor relations are relations in the sphere (concerning) of labor activity [14]. In the authors' opinion, complications at the level of conceptual framework are not required, however, the systematic approach to understanding is necessary. That is why it is advisable to determine social and labor relations as systems of socio-economic relations concerning elements of labor activity. At the same time, it is important to take into account that there are a lot of e...
2 Научный центр экономики труда, Российский экономический университет им. Г. В. Плеханова, г. Москва, Россия 3 Учебный центр государственной службы занятости населения, г. Уфа, Россия 4 Центр финансов социальной сферы, Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт, Министерство финансов Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Россия 5 Академия труда и социальных отношений, г. Москва, Россия Аннотация. Проанализированы особенности трудового поведения женщин с семейными обязанностями. Разработана типология из 5 типов женской занятости по степени погружения в работу. Показано, что женщины оценивают комплекс выгод от занятости в контексте их сопоставления с компенсирующими факторами рабочего места и, если он соответствует их ожиданиям, принимают решение о занятости и о степени погружения в нее. Выявлены особенности трудового поведения исследуемой категории женщин: ограничения в виде многообразных опасений и страхов; часто завышенные, не соответствующие реальности на рынке труда требования к рабочему месту; разнообразие мотивов к работе, в том числе преобладание психологических мотивов. Данные авторского опроса и интервью показали, что женская занятость в большой степени коррелирует с жизненными ситуациями, она нестабильна и многовариантна. Сформулированы рекомендации по совершенствованию политики занятости в отношении женщин с семейными обязанностями в контексте двух направлений: с акцентом на мотивацию и модели трудового поведения женщин и с акцентом на развитие рабочих мест, соответствующих потребностям и ожиданиям современных женщин.
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