We report results from the analysis of traffic measured over a departmental switched Ethernet. Self-similar characteristics are seen throughout the network, for example at the compute servers, web server and intermediate routers. We show that data shipped by the web server (i.e. including both static files from a filer server and dynamically-generated data) has a heavy-tailed distribution which is matched extremely well by a Cauchy distribution. We also show that the fragmentation of the data (i.e. into Ethernet frames) leads to a departure process whose power spectrum is shown to follow a power law very similar to that of the observed traffic. Importantly, the power law appears to be largely independent of the input process-self-similar behaviour is observed even with Poisson arrivals. This supports the suggested link between file/request size distribution and selfsimilarity in network traffic. The resulting implication that self similarity and
Explicit constructions of a (1) n affine Toda field theory breather solutions are presented. Breathers arise either from two solitons of the same species or from solitons which are anti-species of each other. In the first case, breathers carry topological charges. These topological charges lie in the tensor product representation of the fundamental representations associated with the topological charges of the constituent solitons. In the second case, breathers have zero topological charge. The breather masses are, as expected, less than the sum of the masses of the constituent solitons.
The two separate arrival streams exhibit different statistical characteristics and so require separate time series models. It was only possible to accurately characterise and forecast walk-in arrivals; however, these model forecasts will still assist hospital managers at the case study hospital to best use the resources available and anticipate periods of high demand since walk-in arrivals account for the majority of arrivals into the A&E department.
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