SummaryThis study was performed to detect chewing lice on some birds investigated in Eskişehir and Konya provinces in Central Anatolian Region of Turkey between 2008 and 2010 years. For this aim, 31 bird specimens belonging to 23 bird species which were injured or died were examined for the louse infestation. Firstly, the feathers of each bird were inspected macroscopically, all observed louse specimens were collected and then the examined birds were treated with a synthetic pyrethroid spray (Biyo avispray-Biyoteknik®). The collected lice were placed into the tubes with 70% alcohol and mounted on slides with Canada balsam after being cleared in KOH 10%. Then the collected chewing lice were identified under the light microscobe. Eleven out of totally 31 (35.48%) birds were found to be infested with at least one chewing louse species. Eighteen lice species were found belonging to 16 genera on infested birds. Thirteen of 18

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University were examined for their lice. The louse specimens collected from the birds were preserved in eppendorf tubes contains ethyl alcohol 70%. They were cleared in Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) 10% for a day, washed within distilled water for a day and transferred to alcohol 70%, 80%, 90% and 99% at consecutive days. Then, they were mounted on the slides in Canada balsam and identified to species. Among studied 26 bird species in 24 genera and 17 families belonging to 9 orders, seventeen species (65.38%) were found to be infested with lice and no louse specimen was found in 9 bird species (34.62%). The forty-one specimens (48.23%) of examined 85 birds were found to be infested with the lice, and 32 lice species were detected. Besides, the genera Falcolipeurus, Coloceras and Struthiolipeurus, the species; Brueelia apiastri (

This study was carried out in the northeast region of Konya in Turkey, between April and December 2004, to determine the vertical distribution of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) larvae and pupae. Larvae and pupae were collected using the saturated sugar flotation technique in mud samples taken from a range of depths of up to 20 cm. In total, 282 adult Culicoides were obtained. The number of larvae and pupae decreased as the depth increased; at 2.5 cm, 97 Culicoides larvae and 73 Culicoides pupae were found. Larvae and pupae of C. nubeculosus (Meigen) and C. puncticollis (Becker) were mostly found in organic matter-rich breeding sites, while larvae and pupae of C. gejgelensis Dzhafarov and C. festivipennis Kieffer were mostly found in organic matter-poor breeding sites. Culicoides larvae and pupae were obtained largely in July and August.

Slaughterhouse surveys to determine the prevalence and intensity of larval Oestrus ovis Linnaeus (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep, were conducted monthly for 1 year in Konya, Turkey. A total of 624 sheep, selected at random, were examined and 59% were found to be infested by O. ovis. A total of 8801 larvae were collected, of which 68.9% were first-stage, 19.1% second-stage and 12% third-stage larvae. All three larval stadia were seen in each month of the year. The larval intensity for infected sheep was 23.9, with 16.48 L(1), 4.55 L(2) and 2.87 L(3). The monthly prevalence ranged from 34.6% in January to 76.9% in October. The largest number of larvae (180) was obtained from a sheep in August (122 L(1), 52 L(2) and 6 L(3)). The infestation rate was higher in 4 - 6-year-old sheep, at 72.6%. The infestation rates were 64.4% in female and 47.5% in male sheep.

This study investigated the geographical distribution and molecular analysis of Culicoides species in the Southern and Southeastern Turkey during the 2012 outbreak of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF). The midge specimens caught by Onderstepoort-type light traps from livestock farms were tested for molecular evidence of existence of viral genome. Blood specimens were collected from clinically BEF-suspected acute febrile cattle. Total nucleic acid samples obtained from field specimens were checked against the BEF virus G gene and Culicoides internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) gene. A total of 20,845 Culicoides specimens (20,569 ♀♀, 276 ♂♂) comprising 11 species (Culicoides badooshensis, Culicoides circumscriptus, Culicoides gejgelensis, Culicoides imicola, Culicoides kibunensis, Culicoides longipennis, Culicoides newsteadi, Culicoides nubeculosus, Culicoides odiatus, Culicoides punctatus, Culicoides schultzei, Culicoides spp.) were collected. C. schultzei (18,032) was found as the dominant species and followed by C. imicola (1,857), C. nubeculosus complex (545), and C. circumscriptus (259), respectively. C. kibunensis was identified as new species for this region. PCR positivity of BEF was found 37.14% (13/35) in blood samples whereas no viral genome was obtained from Culicoides specimens. Culicoides spp. ITS-1 gene sequences were analyzed phylogenetically with GenBank ITS-1 sequences. Molecular homology of Culicoides ITS-1 gene was ranged between 62.74 and 71.39%. The results described first molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Culicoides ITS-1 gene with reference to the 2012 BEF outbreak in Turkey.

Özet SummaryThis study was performed to detect of the louse species found on some song birds (Passeriformes) between the dates of 2005-2009. Two hundreds and four song bird specimens in 29 species belong to 12 families captured in seven different localities in Turkey and Lesbos island (Greece) were examined for louse specimens. Five of them (2.45%) were found to be infested with louse and detected four species; Brueelia jacobi (Eichler, 1951); Philopterus sittae Fedorenko, 1978; Philopterus vernus (Zlotorzycka, 1964) and Philopterus spp.. Philopterus vernus from Lesbos island an the all of other species are reported for the first time in Turkey with this paper.

SummaryThe present study was conducted between September 2010 and November 2011 to identify louse species parasitizing ducks at Lake Akşehir. Within the study period, 54 ducks, which belonged to seven different avian species (teal, garganey, shoveler, northern pintail, mallard, ruddy shelduck, common shelduck) and were found either alive or wounded or had been shot by hunters, were examined for the presence of lice. After examined macroscopically for the presence of ectoparasites, all ducks were placed into a white tub and medicated with propoxur or tetramethrin. The louse specimens collected from the animals were preserved in 70% alcohol, cleared in 10% KOH, passed through a graded series of alcohol, and mounted in Canada balsam for species identification by light microscopy. Of the 54 ducks examined, 29 (53.70%) were found to have been infested with lice. In total, eight louse species were identified, 4 (Anatoecus regina, Anaticola magnificus, Holomenopon tadornae, Trinoton querquedulae) of which had infested the ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea), 2 (Anaticola crassicornis, Trinoton sp.) of which had infested the common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna), 4 (A. crassicornis, Anatoecus dentatus, Anatoecus icterodes, Trinoton querquedulae) of which had infested the teal (Anas crecca), 1 (T. querquedulae) of which had infested the garganey (Anas querquedula), 3 (A. crassicornis, T. querquedulae and Holomenopon sp.) of which had infested the shoveler (Anas clypeata), and 4 (Anaticola crassicornis, Anatoecus icterodes, Trinoton querquedulae, Holomenopon clypeilargum) of which had infested the northern pintail (Anas acuta). Of the identified louse species listed above, A. regina, A. magnificus, H. tadornae and H. clypeilargum are reported for the first time from avian species in Turkey. On the global scene, Trinoton querquedulae is reported for the first time from the ruddy shelduck and Trinoton sp. is reported for the first time from the common shelduck.