Changes in gas pressure or cutting-head focus, as well as material warming can usually occur during metals processing, thus imposing insufficient quality of the resulting materials. These problems imply quality deterioration for both laser welding and laser cutting and cause the losses in terms of both time and cost. The primary aim of the present study is to solve these problems with special software. We discuss the effects of laser power, nozzle type, cutting speed and assisting-gas pressure on the quality characteristics of cut materials. Piercing and cutting processes are experimentally performed on the samples of stainless steel, aluminium and mild steel with the thicknesses 8, 12 and 20 mm, respectively. For each of these materials, we determine experimentally 'decision times' and analogvoltage thresholds corresponding to the material-surface temperature or the light intensity and then incorporate these parameters into the algorithm. The tests have demonstrated that our monitoring-based system is more successful than the standard metals-processing systems.
The need for studies on new simulation and monitoring methods for interactions occurring during material processing in high-power fiber laser systems has increased. In this manuscript, a structure that can intervene in real time and improved solutions that demonstrate the potential of photodiode-based monitoring are presented. By processing the signals instantly received during material processing with InGaAs and Si photodiodes integrated into the cutting head in algorithms, the method that intervenes in the process by detecting the last stage of the piercing process and the problems that may occur during cutting are explained. The stability of the proposed system has been tested on the most used materials in the industry such as St37, stainless steel, and aluminum at laser powers of 6, 8, and 10 kW, respectively. In this article, it is shown that there is a relationship between the signals observed in the infrared (IR) and visible (VIS) spectrum and the characteristics of the cut quality and scenario. Analysis results of photo-diode tracking signals obtained according to material, power, and gas type are presented. Among the innovations added by the method are related application process improvements, material analysis, and cutting and piercing parameter improvements.
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