Seventy three rice varieties were evaluated for their variability with regards to yield and yield components. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance in per cent of mean were also obtained for the above traits. In addition, studies on character associations and path coefficients were also undertaken. The results revealed high variability, heritability and genetic advance in per cent of mean for grain yield while panicle bearing tillers and 1000 grain weight had recorded high heritability coupled with low genetic advance as per cent of mean. Further, yield was observed to be positively associated with panicle bearing tillers and number of filled grains per panicle and these characters were noticed to exert high direct effects on grain yield per plant. High indirect effects of most of the traits were noticed mostly through panicle bearing tillers per hill indicating importance of the trait as selection criteria in crop yield improvement programmes.
A field experiment was carried out during the Kharif, 2017 at Rice Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad (TS), India to study the "Effect of Neem coated urea on yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L)". The experiment was laid out in Randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments viz., T1-RDF 120-60-40 N through Prilled urea (PU), T2-RDF 120-60-40 N through Neem coated urea (NCU), T3-95% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium (RDP and K), T4-90% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium(RDP and K), T5-85% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium(RDP and K), T6-80% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium(RDP and K), T7-75% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium(RDP and K) andT8-0 Nitrogen + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium(RDP and K) (Control). The results showed that T2-RDF 120-60-40 N through Neem coated urea (NCU) produced higher grain, straw yields and BC ratio whereas, T3-95% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium (RDP and K) with 5% reduction in recommended nitrogen in NCU form produced the similar yields of grain and straw, BC ratio which were obtained in T2-RDF 120-60-40 N through Neem coated urea (NCU). Hence, T3-95% Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through NCU + Recommended dose of Phosphorus and Potassium (RDP and K) with 5% saving in recommended nitrogen in NCU form proved to be better for higher productivity and profitability of rice.
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