SummaryA 15-year-old Boerperd stallion presented for thyroid enlargement associated with inappetance. Ultrasonographic examination of the thyroid gland revealed an enlarged left lobe, which, on cytological examination, contained numerous anaplastic cells. A mixed C cell microfollicular thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed following histopathological examination of the excisional biopsy specimen. In order to determine metastasis, pulmonary radiographs revealed a poorly-marginated soft tissue opacity caudo-dorsal to the cardiac silhouette. Thyroid and pulmonary scintigraphy was performed comparing 99m Tc-sestamibi with 99mTc-pertechnetate and no metastasis was detectable. Following hemithyroidectomy, the stallion made a full recovery without the need for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Six months later, repeated thyroid and pulmonary scintigraphy using 99m Tc-sestamibi was normal.
A 13-month-old, neutered, male Golden retriever presented with seizures and progressive depression. Clinical and neurological assessment was consistent with severe intracranial disease. The neurological condition progressively deteriorated and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the presence of a large, contrast-enhancing, space-occupying mass in the right cerebral hemisphere. Therapy with corticosteroids, mannitol and furosemide ameliorated the signs of depression and ataxia, but the owner elected euthanasia after 1 week. <em>Post mortem</em> examination of the brain confirmed the presence of a large haemorrhagic lesion in the right olfactory lobe, the histopathological appearance of which was consistent with cerebral cavernous haemangioma. This is the 1st case describing the MRI appearance of a cavernous haemangioma of the cerebrum in the veterinary literature
SummaryThis case report describes a geriatric gelding with a 2 month history of fast-growing masses within the parotid and submandibular regions. The horse was dyspnoeic on presentation and upper airway endoscopy revealed partial airway obstruction at the level of the pharynx, secondary to a space-occupying mass. Cytological evaluation of multiple fine-needle aspirates obtained from the masses were suggestive of salivary gland neoplasia, therefore the horse was subjected to humane euthanasia. A computed tomographical scan was obtained post mortem and revealed a large multi-lobulated mass involving both guttural pouches, resulting in 80% occlusion of the naso-and oropharynx. Histopathology confirmed a parotid salivary gland carcinoma (papillary-cystic type). Salivary gland tumours are extremely rare in horses, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Treatment of these malignancies proves to be challenging, requiring complete parotidectomy or surgical debulkment, in combination with adjunctive therapy.
The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in oral masses of dogs. Nineteen dogs underwent clinical, MR and CT examinations. Eleven malignant and ten non-malignant masses were evaluated. Osteosarcoma was the most commonly found malignant oral mass and gingival hyperplasia was the most commonly found benign mass. The results showed that MRI provided more accurate information regarding the size of the masses and invasion of adjacent structures although MRI and CT show similar accuracy in assessment of bone invasion. Calcification and cortical bone erosion was better seen on CT images. Whereas contrast-MRI provided useful additional information, contrast-CT had no added benefit. In general, oral masses located in the caudal mandible, oropharynx and maxilla are better evaluated using MRI, once the histological type has been verified
The objectives of this study were firstly, to determine an objective grading system of radiopharmaceutical uptake in the C6/7 articular facets of the cervical spine as a predictor of clinical signs in warmblood sporthorses; and secondly to establish an objective absorption coefficient (AC) value that could possibly differentiate between presence or absence of clinical signs in this region. 308 scintigraphic views of the cervical spine in 154 German warmblood horses were evaluated. Scintigrams were divided into clinically normal (60) and clinically abnormal (94) groups of horses. Horses were grouped according to performance type and age. Uptake coefficients using C3/4 as a reference point were established. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of neck pain and radiographic abnormalities were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine a cutoff point for distinguishing between clinically normal and abnormal horses. An AC value of 1.243 at the C6/7 cervical vertebral facets separated clinically normal from clinically abnormal horses. Values decreased slightly with increasing age of the horses, and were highest in the middle age. There was a significant difference in AC values between clinically normal and abnormal horses in the dressage and show jumping groups. The best predictive values were established for horses in the show jumping category where scintigraphic findings correlated with clinical signs. An AC value of 1.235 at the C6/7 cervical vertebral facets reliably separates pathological from physiological uptake. However, age and performance type of the horses should be taken into account when interpreting these findings.
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