Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of current asthma-like symptoms and current allergic diseases among preschool children and to determine the risk factors. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study included children aged 3-6 years. The study was conducted in 5 towns of Altai region. Prevalence of allergic diseases was assessed using the Russian version of the ISAAC questionnaire. Results. According to questionnaire the prevalence of current asthma-like symptoms was 11,1%, current allergic rhinoconjunctivitis - 7,5%, current atopic dermatitis -12,3%. Out of 3205 children asthma was diagnosed in 0,9%, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis - in 3%, atopic dermatitis - in 7,9%. Family history of allergic diseases increases risk of development of the current asthma-like symptoms twice (OR=2,11; 95% CI=1,66-2,68), current allergic rhinoconjunctivitis by 2,8 times (OR=2,85; 95% CI=2,16-3,75), current atopic dermatitis by 4,6 times (OR=4,62; 95% CI=3,69-5,77). The male sex increases risk of the development of current asthma-like symptoms by 2,6 times (OR=2,63; 95% CI=1,17-5,93), current allergic rhinoconjunctivitis by 1,3 times (OR=1,35; 95% CI=1,03-1,76), smoking of parents on the first year of life of the child increases risk of development of current asthma-like symptoms by 1,6 times (OR=1,61; 95% CI=1,15-2,24), breastfeeding duration less than 6 months increases the risk of development of current atopic dermatitis by 1,6 times (OR=1,62; 95% CI=1,26-2,09; p
The purpose of this study. To investigate clinical characteristics of the allergic rhinitis in children receiving allergen-specific immunotherapy. Methods. The epidemiologic observational multicenter study was conducted with the allergists of Altai region. The participating allergists filled out the specially designed medical record card on children with allergic rhinitis receiving ASIT. The study lasted from October 2013 to March 2014. Results. Allergists have filled out medical record cards of 165 children with allergic rhinitis receiving ASIT. The average age of children was 10,5±2,3 years, with the average of 4,8±2,5 years of allergic rhinitis prior to the start of ASIT. 159 (96,2%) children had moderate/severe allergic rhinitis, and 121 (73,3%) children had persistent allergic rhinitis. In 123 (74,5%) children rhinitis was accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis, and in 70 (42,2%) children - by bronchial asthma. 69 (41,8%) children receiving ASIT were mono-sensitized, 96 (58,2%) children were polysensitized. 48,5% of children were sensitized to house dust mites, 63,6% to tree pollen, 48,5% to meadow grass pollen, 30,9% to weed pollen, and in 21,8% sensitization to epidermal allergens was found. Conclusion. The findings of the study showed that in most cases (96,2%), children with allergic rhinitis receiving ASIT had moderate/severe rhinitis and in 73,3% symptoms were persistent. In 74,5% of cases, allergic rhinitis was accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis. Most part of children receiving ASIT had multiple sensitization (58,2%). Also a delayed beginning of ASIT was observed - 4,8±2,5 year from primary diagnosis to ASIT initiation.
Background. Information on atopic dermatitis (AD) epidemiology in preschool children is scarce. Objectives. To estimate the prevalence, clinical, allergological characteristics and risk factors of AD in preschool children. Materials and methods. 5156 children aged 3-6 years old living in the Altai Territory participated in the study. The study included a screening and clinical phases. At the screening stage of the study the prevalence of AD was evaluated using the Russian version of the ISAAC questionnaire, risk factors were evaluated using the additional questionnaire. At the clinical stage diagnosis of AD was verified by allergists. Results. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 9,9%. 73,8% of children had mild AD; 58,5% of children were sensitized: 25 (15,6%) to food allergens - 12 (7,2%) to egg, 12 (7,2%) to cow’s milk, 6 (3,6%) to wheat flour and 8 (4,9%) to fish. The most important inhaled allergens were house dust mites, the sensitivity to them was diagnosed in 44 (26,8%) children. The family anamnesis of allergic diseases increases risk of development of AD by 5 times (OR=5,7; 95% CI=4,1-7,9; p
Background. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of subcutaneous allergenspecific immunotherapy with birch extract absorbed onto calcium phosphate on quality of life of children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis Methods. 50 patients at the age from 5 to17 years old with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis sensitized to trees pollen (birch, alder, hazel) were observed. All the patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of 23 children, who were treated with birch extract («Phostal») subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy (SCIT). The second group was a control group, consisted of 27 children, no treatment was assigned to them. Results. Statistically significant increase of all quality of life indexes in the group which was treated with SCIT using «Phostal» was observed. Statistically valid decrease of severity of rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms in the 1 group was shown (6,1±3,1; 11,8±4,5; p=0,00002). Total number of Phostal injections was 990, 227 (23%) local reactions and no one systemic reaction have been observed during the study. Conclusion. SCIT with birch extract absorbed onto calcium phosphate could be considered as a highly effective and safe method of treatment of pollinosis in children.
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