This scientific article provides data on the effectiveness of successive application of herbicides against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields on arable lands plowed with simple and two-sided plows. When the herbicide Samurai (1.5 l/ha) is applied separately, the annual weeds are effectively lost (86.8-90.2%), and have a weak effect on perennials. When Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicide is used separately, it has a weak effect on annuals (24.0-32.0%), effectively reducing weeds. Both perennial weeds (90.5-93.0%) and perennial weeds are effective when applied in series with Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicides 88.9 -93.3% loss. Cotton yield will increase by 1.8-5.4 q/ha compared to the control option. Consecutive application of Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicides against annual and perennial weeds is recommended.
Today, in the world agriculture, especially cotton growing sphere plays an important role in the national economy. In the cultivation of cotton one of the main problems in the fields is weeds. When estimating the damage caused by weeds to cotton fields, it accounted for 75 bln. USD. This scientific article presents data on the effectiveness of pre-and post-application of herbicides against weeds in the areas where the tillage was done with double-toothed plow in the fall before preparing beds in the fine-fiber cotton fields under typical gray soils condition. Effective eradication of annual and perennial weeds (86.8-90.2%) was observed, when a single herbicide Ankosar (3.0, 4.0, 5.0 l/ha) was applied (information of 2017-2019). When the herbicides Step 500 (4.0 l/ha) and Ankosar (4.0 l/ha) were applied consecutively, the effect on annual weeds was noted (90.5-93.0%). Perennial weeds were reduced by 88.9-93.3% when the abovementioned preparations are applied one after another. Cotton yield will increase by 1.8-5.4 c/ha compared to the control variant. It is recommended to apply the herbicides consecutively in the order Ankosar (4.0 l/ha), Step 500 (4 l/ha) and Ankosar (4.0 l/ha) against annual and perennial weeds.
The issue of growing field crops in saline soils and increasing their resistance to salt remains a topical issue in terms of land reclamation. In saline soils, it is important to increase the resistance of field crops to salinity on the basis of the use of advanced technologies, as well as to pay special attention to soil reclamation. The study shows that the salinity of the soils of the planned area, the lack of saline leaching and the presence of a seasonal salt accumulation process, the problem is solved from a scientific point of view, as well as its complexity. Proper timing of saline leaching is an important reclamation measure in eliminating the negative effects of salt accumulation in saline soils. When washing the soil brine in October-November, a complete leaching of the salt was achieved, resulting in a 17.6% higher biomass than the unsalted variant of the salt. The optimal irrigation rate for corn is determined by soil moisture. The number of irrigations for the biomass was set to 5 times during the growing season. At this irrigation rate, the soil moisture did not fall below 75-80% of the limited field moisture capacity (LFMC) until the oats sprouted. During the growing season, the first watering was started when the plant produced 5-6 leaves.
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