No abstract

No abstract

The role of oxygen-containing species on Cu catalysts in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) remains unclear due to the difficulty in its stabilization under reaction conditions. Co-electrolysis of CO2 with an oxidant is an effective strategy to introduce oxygen-containing species on Cu during the CO2RR. In this work, we present concrete evidence demonstrating that an oxygen-containing species is able to not only enhance the rate of the CO2RR but also tune selectivities for certain products. Co-electrolysis of CO2 with H2O2 on Cu selectively accelerates the CH4 production rate by up to a factor of 200, but with only a slight enhancement of C2+ products. Combined investigations using in situ Raman spectroscopy with density functional theory calculations reveal that a Raman-inactive Cu oxide species is responsible for the improved CH4 production. Results reported in this work highlight the possibility of enhancing Cu-based CO2RR catalysts by introducing stable oxygen-containing catalytic structures.

Natural disasters have negative health impacts on chronic diseases in affected populations. Severely affected areas are usually rural areas with limited basic infrastructure and a population have that has limited access to optimal healthcare after a disaster. Patients with cardiovascular diseases are required to maintain quality care, especially after disasters. A population-based case-control study enrolled adults from the National Health Insurance Registry who had ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease histories and lived in the area affected by Typhoon Morakot in 2009. Monthly medical visits for acute cerebrovascular and ischemic heart diseases markedly increased at approximately 1–2 months after the typhoon. Survival analysis during the two years following the typhoon indicated a significant increase in mortality in adults with an acute ischemic heart disease history who lived in the severely affected area. Mortality hazard analysis showed that among affected adults with previous cerebrovascular diseases and acute ischemic heart diseases, patients with diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.3–1.7), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (adjusted HR: 2.0–2.7), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and asthma (adjusted HR: 1.7–2.1), liver cirrhosis (adjusted HR: 2.3–3.3) and neoplasms (adjusted HR: 1.1–2.1) had significantly increased mortality rates. Consequently, high-quality and accessible primary healthcare plans should be made available to maintain and support affected populations after disasters.

No abstract