The determination of nitrofurazone (NFZ) has received substantial attention because it is a kind of antibiotic drug. Herein, a rapid and low-cost electrochemical sensor for the analysis of NFZ is reported. The method uses Ag-modified electrodes in which different surfactants, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate, in a ternary choline chloride−urea−glycerol deep eutectic solvent were deposited. The physical properties of the solutions with various surfactants are investigated by a conductivity meter, viscometer, and tensiometer. The morphologies and crystallinity of the Ag-modified electrodes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and CV analyses indicate that the as-prepared Ag-SDS electrode exhibited better performance as a NFZ sensor. The dynamic linear range of NFZ is 0.66−930 μM with a corresponding detection limit of 0.37 μM. The proposed electrochemical sensor was applied to detect NFZ in the aquaculture water sample, and the results showed good recovery in the range from 100.28 to 102.65%.

Herein, we develop a series etching and atom codeposition process to fabricate concave double-shell AgAu (CD-AgAu) and CD-AgAu:Pd nanocubes. High surface area and edge activity from the CD nanostructure consisting of a single hole appear in the central area, and 12 concave structures exhibit superior surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). As investigating the Pd dopants at the CD surface with SERS and electrochemistry, we demonstrate that the 2.8% Pd-doped CD-AgAu nanocubes perform impressive catalysis at ≤30 s of the hydrogenation reaction by lowering the activation energy. Furthermore, the CD-AgAu:4.6%Pd nanocubes act as a superior catalyst for glycerol electrooxidation and could retain their highindex facets after a long-term durability test. Our work will help to motivate future efforts for the deliberate incorporation of a low content of noble metals into CD nanostructures to develop chemical sensing devices in interfacial reactions and clean energy conversion technology.

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