ConclusionOur results showed that PSMA-PET/CT could have an important role in identifying men with true oligometastatic PCa who would benefit the most from metastases-directed therapy with SABR.

Our experience suggests that patients with HIV should be offered all treatment options in the same manner as the general population, taking into account their prognosis from HIV. Curative surgery should be considered for localized RCC. Potential drug interactions between ART drugs and targeted therapies for metastatic RCC need to be considered.

Perioperative management of AP/AC should be based on the indications and the American College of Chest Physicians thromboembolic risk stratification. Regular AC users who had enoxaparin bridging are at increased risk of both perioperative bleeding and thromboembolic complications.

Aim We aimed to test the performance of the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (qSOFA) in predicting the outcomes of oncology patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with suspected infection. Methods Retrospective cohort analysis of all oncology patients presenting to the ED of a tertiary hospital with suspected infection from 1 December 2014 to 1 June 2017. Patients were identified by cross‐linkage of ED and Oncology electronic health records. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality and/or ICU stay ≥ 3 days. Results A total of 1655 patients were included in this study––1267 (76.6%) with solid tumor and 388 (23.4%) with hematological malignancies. At presentation, 495 patients had chemotherapy, and 140 had radiotherapy within the preceding 6 months. Four hundred patients received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in the previous 4 weeks. Overall, 371 (22.4%) patients had qSOFA ≥ 2. Such patients had a higher likelihood of respiratory infections compared to patients with a qSOFA < 2 (43.9% vs 29%) and were more likely to be admitted to ICU or require mechanical ventilation. In‐hospital mortality or in‐hospital mortality and/or ICU stay ≥ 3 days were 17.3% and 21%, for qSOFA ≥ 2 patients versus 4.7% and 6.9% for qSOFA < 2 patients (P < .001). qSOFA ≥ 2 had a negative predictive value of 95% for in‐hospital mortality and 93% for in‐hospital mortality or ICU stay ≥ 3 days. Conclusion Among oncology patients presenting to the ED with suspected infection, a qSOFA ≥ 2 is associated with a threefold risk of hospital mortality/prolonged ICU stay. Its absence helps identify low‐risk patients.

Introduction:The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of postmastectomy hypofractionationed radiation therapy (HFRT) for breast cancer in Victoria, Australia. Methods: This is a population-based cohort of women with breast cancer who received post-mastectomy RT to the chest wall with or without nodal irradiation between 2012 and 2017. HFRT was defined as <25 fractions of RT. Data were captured in the Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Dataset (VRMDS). The changing pattern of HFRT use was evaluated using the Cochran-Armitage test. Patient-, treatment-and institutional-related factors associated with HFRT use were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Two thousand and twenty-one women were included in this study, of which 238 (12%) received HFRT. This increased from 8% in 2012 to 18% in 2017 (P-trend < 0.001). Older women were more likely to have HFRT (26% in women above 70 years vs 6% in women under 50 years; P < 0.001). Women who did not have nodal irradiation were more likely to have HFRT than those who did (18% vs 9% respectively; P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, the progressive increase in HFRT use over time remained statistically significantwomen treated in 2017 were four times more likely to receive HFRT than those treated in 2012 (95% CI = 2.1-7.7; P < 0.001). Other factors independently associated with increased likelihood of HFRT use included increasing age at RT, and lack of nodal irradiation. Conclusion:In this first Australian study evaluating the use of postmastectomy HFRT, we observed increasing HFRT use in Victoria over time. We anticipate this rising trend will continue in the coming years.

Author Contributions: Mr Holmgren had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

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Introduction Obtaining tissue diagnosis for lung cancer can sometimes be difficult and unsafe. We evaluated outcomes of biopsy‐confirmed versus radiologically‐diagnosed lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods A single‐institutional retrospective cohort of lung cancer patients treated with SBRT between February 2014 and October 2018. Outcomes of interest were: local failure (LF), distant failure (DF), and overall survival (OS). Probability of LF, DF, and OS were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Differences in outcomes between biopsy‐confirmed versus radiologically‐diagnosed lung cancer were evaluated using the log‐rank test. Results Sixty‐five lung lesions in 61 patients were treated with SBRT. Mean age was 75.6 years. Twenty‐seven patients (44.3%) were ECOG 2–3. Thirty‐nine patients (64%) were radiologically‐diagnosed. There were five cases of LF observed at median of 12.8 months post‐SBRT and 12‐month LF‐free survival was 96% (95% CI, 86–99%), with no differences between groups (p = 0.1). Sixteen patients developed DF, with 12‐month DF‐free survival of 84% (95% CI, 71–91%), and no difference between groups (p = 0.06). Sixteen deaths were reported at a median of 12.5 months post‐SBRT, with 12‐month OS of 85% (95% CI, 73–92%), and no differences between study groups (p = 0.5). No grade 3 toxicities were reported. Conclusion The oncological outcomes were similar in patients with early lung cancer treated with SBRT with or without biopsy‐confirmation. In situations where tissue diagnosis is not feasible or unsafe, it is not unreasonable to offer SBRT based on clinical and radiological suspicion following multidisciplinary discussions.