Bronchial artery embolization was first performed in 1973 by Remy et al with widespread acceptance since then. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) CT angiography (CTA) is currently the gold standard imaging modality used to identify the site and cause of bleeding in patient presented with haemoptysis. Bronchial artery anatomies and precise location can be obtained by scrutinizing CTA prior to interventional procedures. CTA has the advantage of not only can preclude the need of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in inappropriate cases, but also can shorten the intervention procedure timing. We present a case of false negative bronchial artery caliber seen on MDCT which was abnormal in DSA.
Lipiodol (also known as ethiodized oil) is an iodinated poppy seed oil first synthesized in 1901 for therapeutic purposes. The use of lipiodol in lymphangiography in later date has gain popularity as this agent tend to retain in the lymphatic system as opposed to other iodinated hydrosoluble contrast media that diffuse out of lymphatic system rapidly. Over the course of several days and weeks, the iodine within the lipiodol is released by enzymatic cleavage and the fat molecules are degraded. In our case, there is retention of lipiodol in the left axilla which showed as group of round calcifications in Mammogram. This has raised the suspicion of talcum powder usage for the reporting radiologist without revisiting the past surgical and medical procedure. Even though lipiodol washout is a time-dependant process, it can retain in our body or site of injection as long as few years as evidenced in our case.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.