The professional and amateur soccer players were tested to determine the running speed and agility performance by playing positions. The sample included 108 professional male soccer players at the national level and 79 amateur male soccer players at a regional level on teams from 10 clubs in Turkey. The study involved the players being assessed by the 10- x 5-m shuttle run test ( 10 x 5 SRT) on a soccer field in a soccer season.The difference between the mean scores of the professional and amateur players is significant. Differences between mean scores according to playing positions of soccer players are not significant.In conclusion, professional soccer players' running speed and agility performances are higher than amateur soccer players. In addition, these results indicate that all soccer players have the same running speed and agility performance in accordance with their different playing positions. Coaches should consider individual training programs based on the positional role of soccer players.

The aim of this study is to evaluate repeated sprinting ability and fatigue index of amateur soccer players according to their positions. A total of 85 amateur soccer players were examined in different clubs in Turkey. The repeated sprint test, which was designed by Bangsbo, was used for soccer players. We did not find any statistical differences for repeated sprints, best time, average time, and fatigue index values according to positions of soccer players (p>0.05). On the other hand, there was a statistical difference between 7 maximal sprints for the defense players, midfielders, and forwards (p<0.05) but there was not a statistical difference between 7 maximal sprints for the goalkeeper (p>0.05). In conclusion, it is considered that speed at soccer is very important and there must be fast moving players in all positions. This study reveals that defense players, midfielders and forwards are able to maintain 5 repeated sprints at the same compactness during the match. For goalkeepers, it could not be found any difference at the repeated sprints. It is considered that on choosing or transferring players, the trainers must take into account their sprint abilities. But repeated sprints are not a specific indicator for goal keepers, and this characteristic should not be used for the choice of goalkeepers. In addition, the players' ability of managing to do several repeated sprints at the same compactness during the match should be pursued by the trainers. And it should be given place to the repeated sprint exercises in the training schedules.

The aim of the study was to investigate whether a fatiguing exercise on treadmill affects balance performance in recreationally active men and women. Nineteen subjects, aged 18-26 years, were assessed before and after a fatiguing exercise, using the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Fatiguing exercise was performed on treadmill using the Bruce protocol. A significant effect of fatigue was present in men (P < 0.05) and women (P < 0.05). Women performed at a significantly lower total BESS scores than men at both pretest (P < 0.05) and posttest (P < 0.05). The mean difference (posttest-pretest) between men and women was not significant (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that a fatiguing exercise induced by means of treadmill increases postural sway in healthy subjects, and that this increase in postural sway is sex-independent.

(r = 0.755, p < 0.01; r = 0.664, p < 0.05; r = 0.713, p< 0.01, respectively). Standing broad jump performance correlated with foam surface, tandem leg and total BESS score (r = 0.737, p < 0.01; r = 0.692, p < 0.05; r = 0.617, p< 0.05, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship among the single leg BESS score and vertical jumping performance (r = -0.596, p<0.05). In conclusion, the activities requiring explosive power may reflect the ability of managing a balanced posture but the activities in which time period is longer may not.

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