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A highly porous metal–organic framework Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) (H2BDC=1,4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid, DABCO=1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) was synthesized and used as an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the coupling reaction of phenols with nitroarenes to form diaryl ethers without using a ligand. Physical characterization of the MOF was obtained by using XRD, SEM, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), FTIR spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), H2 temperature‐programmed reduction (H2‐TPR), and N2 physisorption measurements. The Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO)‐catalyzed coupling reaction offers several advantages compared to the conventional Ullmann reaction for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl ethers. To the best of our knowledge, the ligand‐free Cu‐catalyzed O‐arylation reaction of phenols with nitroarenes that uses a heterogeneous catalyst has not been mentioned previously in the literature.

Data-driven structural health monitoring using feature fusion and hybrid deep learning. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering .

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A crystalline porous metal‐organic framework Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) (BPDC=4,4′‐biphenyldicarboxylate, BPY=4,4′‐bipyridine) was synthesized and characterized by several techniques including XRD, SEM, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction, and nitrogen physisorption measurements. The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) could be employed as a heterogeneous catalyst for the copper‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction of DMF with 2‐substituted phenols to form organic carbamates through CH activation under oxidative conditions. The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) offered higher catalytic activity than common copper salts such as Cu(OAc)2, CuCl, CuCl2, CuI, and Cu(NO3)2 as well as other Cu–MOFs such as Cu3(BTC)2, Cu(BDC), and Cu(BPDC). The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) catalyst could be facilely separated from the reaction mixture, could be recovered and reused several times without significant degradation in catalytic activity.

To implement any effective odour and corrosion control technology in the sewer network, it is imperative that the airflow through gravity sewer airspaces be quantified. This paper presents a full dynamic airflow model for gravity sewer systems. The model, which is developed using the finite element method, is a compressible air transport model. The model has been applied to the North Head Sewerage Ocean Outfall System (NSOOS) and calibrated using the air pressure and airflow data collected during October 2008. Although the calibration is focused on forced ventilation, the model can be applied to natural ventilation as well.

A highly crystalline porous copper‐based metal–organic framework MOF‐199 was synthesized from the reaction of 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid and copper nitrate trihydrate by a solvothermal method. The MOF‐199 was characterized by several techniques, including X‐ray powder Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform‐Infrared (FT‐IR), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), and nitrogen physisorption measurements. The MOF‐199 proved to be an efficient catalyst for the C‐arylation of aryl iodides with acetylacetone to form α‐aryl ketones as the principal products. The catalyst can be separated from the reaction mixture by simple decantation, and be reused without significant degradation in catalytic activity. No contribution from homogeneous catalysis of active species leaching into the liquid phase was detected, confirming that the MOF‐199 is a truly heterogeneous catalyst.