Transparent antennas and electromagnetic-wave shielding using existing optically transparent electrodes (TEs) such as indium tin oxide, MLF, and metal mesh were investigated. We analyzed the optical and electrical characteristics of a liquid TE using saltwater compared to those of conventional solid TEs. Saltwater with a salinity of 35 ppt (conductivity=5 s/m) has an average transparency of >95% in the visible band. A planar saltwater layer with a 3 mm thickness has a shielding effectiveness performance of >22 dB.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.