No abstract

Highlights23 Y-chromosomal STRs (PPY23) reanalysed by massively parallel sequencing.Phylogeny-based approach captures wide range of sequence variants in 100 samples.STR variants described in phase with their flanking sequences.Phylogenetic framework clarifies allele nomenclature and mutation processes.

reports Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) haplotypes for 1032 male U.S. population samples across 30 Y-STR loci characterized by three capillary electrophoresis (CE) length-based kits (PowerPlex Y23 System, Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit, and Investigator Argus Y-28 QS Kit) and one sequence-based kit (ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit