Aminomethylphosphine (P-C-N) type ligands, (Ph 2 PCH 2 ) 2 NR R = -(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OEt 3 ) 3 or -CH 2 CH 2 OH, and their Pd(II) complexes have been synthesized. All the compounds were characterized by 1 H-, 31 P-NMR, and elemental analysis. The complexes are proposed to have a square planar geometry. They were investigated as catalysts for the Heck reaction of aryl halides (I, Br, Cl) with methyl acrylate. Both complexes showed high activity to give methyl cinnamate in good yields, with the best turnover numbers found for [PdCl 2 (Ph 2 PCH 2 ) 2 N(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OEt) 3 ].
Phosphine metal complexes have been recently evaluated in the field of cancer therapy. In this research, the cytotoxic effects of some metal phosphines {[PdCl2((CH2OH)2PCH2)2NCH3] (C1), [RuCl2(((CH2OH)2PCH2)2NCH3)2] (C2), [PtCl2((Ph2PCH2)2NCH3)(timin)2] (C3)} on K562 (human myelogenous leukemia cell line) and A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells) cells were investigated using the MTT test. C1 and C2 are water-soluble metal complexes, which may have some advantages in in vitro and in vivo studies. The effects of the above-mentioned metal complexes on thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) (EC: 1.8.1.9), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (EC: 1.11.1.9), and catalase (Cat) (EC: 1.11.1.6) enzymes were also tested. The results of this research showed that all three metal complexes indicated dose-dependent cytotoxicity on A549 and K562 cell lines and that the complexes inhibited different percentages of the TrxR, GPx, and Cat enzymes of these tumor cells.
Nature conservation areas, which are most affected by environmental problems and play an active role in combating these problems, become more important day by day. All individuals have various responsibilities to protect nature and leave a liveable world to future generations. It is reported by many researchers that education given at an early age is important for the protection of natural areas and prevention of their problems. The aim of this study is to determine nature conservation approaches in the sample of secondary school students and to evaluate their changes depending on education. In order to determine the knowledge level and awareness of the students of Ayten Çağıran Secondary School in Antalya, Konyaaltı district, about nature protection, an on-site survey method was applied with standard forms. The educational presentation was prepared by evaluating the applied questionnaire forms, and a training presentation was made to the students on nature conservation, suitable for the age groups of the students. The same questionnaire was applied again, after the presentation. Survey forms applied before and after the training presentation were statistically analysed. After the presentation of the education, positive changes were determined in the students' approach to the subject depending on their gender and class level. At the end of the study, it was determined that educational work on nature conservation given by experts outside the school had an impact on students.
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