Introduction Trauma is one of the major causes of death among all age groups. It is the leading cause of death and disability among children older than 1 year of age (1). In addition to designing pre-hospital and hospital trauma organizations, taking meticulous preventive measures and providing public education are greatly important for efforts aimed at reducing trauma-related mortality (2). Initial assessment and management of multi-trauma patients is a difficult task requiring a rapid and systematic approach. According to the ATLS principles, injured patients are assessed and treated based on their vital signs, level of consciousness, and injury mechanism (3). Additionally, a variety of trauma severity scoring systems has been devised to predict trauma severity and to predict and prevent trauma-related death (4). Trauma severity scoring refers to the process of prediction and quantification of the risks associated with death, hospitalization, and discharge (5). Trauma severity scores assess trauma in terms of its anatomic and/or physiological properties. abbreviated injury scale (AIS) and injury severity score (ISS) take into account injury's anatomic Aim: We aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of BIG score (Base deficit, INR, GCS), pediatric trauma score, revised trauma score, injury severity score, new injury severity score (NISS) in mortality and stay intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: One thousand five hundred ten pediatric patients aged less than 18 years who were admitted to the emergency department with multi-trauma between 1 July 2012 and 1 July 2016 were included in the retrospective research. Demographic data, vital signs in the emergency department, trauma location, injury severity indexes and follow up of patients were examined. Results: One thousand five hundred ten patients were included, 40.5% were female and 59.5% were male. Mean age was 7.81±4.8; mortality was 4.2%. The best score to evaluate mortality was "probability of survival 2014 (PS14)". The best score to force the stay in ICU was found as NISS, the most sensitive system was NISS and PS14 (94.9%) and the most specific was NISS (86.7). PS14 was the first to evaluate the survival. In our research, 94.3% of patient had blunt trauma and 5.7% had penetrating trauma. PS14 was found the best score to determine survival and mortality for blunt trauma patients. Conclusion: Although all scoring systems appeared similarly predictive among pediatric trauma patients, The PS14 score was more predictive for mortality and survival, and the NISS score for the need of intensive care admission. The NISS score was the most predictive score for intensive care admission in blunt and penetrating traumas combined. Particularly the newly developed PS14 score can be used as a powerfully predictive scoring system for outcomes among all pediatric trauma patients, irrespective of trauma mechanism.
Öz Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı serebral palsi (SP) polikliniğinde SP tanısı ile takip ve tedavisi yapılan hastalarımızın demografik ve klinik özelliklerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Düzenli takibi olan 577 hastanın bilgileri geriye dönük incelendi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, etiyolojik faktörleri, problemlerin fark edildiği yaş, SP tipi, kaba motor fonksiyon klasifikasyon sistemiyle (KMFKS) değerlendirmesi, eşlik eden ikincil problemleri, muayene bulguları, rehabilitasyon merkezinde düzenli tedavi hizmeti alımı, ortez ve yardımcı cihazları, medikal tedavileri, uygulanan konservatif ve cerrahi tedavi yaklaşımları kaydedildi.
Background: There are very few studies in the literature evaluating the effects of mask use on physiological parameters. Objectives: This study aims to examine physiological changes due to masks in healthcare workers who use respiratory masks for long hours in the emergency room during the pandemic process. Methods: Cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out with healthcare professionals with an FFP2 type valve mask. The participants’ transcutaneous oxygen saturation, pulse, and respiratory rate were measured before wearing the respirator mask and at 30 and 60 minutes after wearing the mask. Results: SPO2 values of the participants decreased gradually at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes and respiratory rate increased gradually at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes. The statistically significant difference arises from the 0 and 60 minutes values. Higher SPO2 values were found at 0 and 30 minutes in non-smokers. SPO2 value gradually decreased in non-smokers at 0, 30, and 60 minutes, but no significant decrease was observed in non-smokers. Pulse rate was found to be higher at 60th minute compared to 0th minute in non-smokers. No significant difference was found between smokers and non-smokers. The respiratory rate gradually increased in smokers at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes. SPO2 values were lower at the 60th minute compared to the 0th minute in both women and men. There was no significant difference in pulse rates. Respiratory rate was found to be higher at 60th minute in men than at 0th minute. Conclusion: It is recommended to follow the physiological parameters and to regulate the working conditions when necessary.
Background The clinical findings of Behçet’s disease (BD) differ according to the country and race investigated. The most important genetic factor known in the pathogenesis of BD is HLA-B51, and this positivity is high in countries on the “Silk Road” where BD is as frequent as it is in Turkey. Although the positivity of HLA B51 is proven to be high in Turkey, there are no studies in the area of the western Black sea demonstrating its relation to the demographic. We aimed to investigate the association of HLA-B51 positivity in Turkish patients diagnosed as having BD and the relationship between the demographic and clinical findings of the patients. Results In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of adults with BD was obtained from an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey between January 2018 and January 2022. Patients were diagnosed as having BD according to the criteria of the International BD Study Group, and the patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded retrospectively. Demographic data and the frequency of clinical findings were compared between patients who were HLA-B51-positive and HLA-B51-negative. Sixty patients (55.6%) were HLA-B51-positive. Oral ulceration, genital ulceration, thrombophlebitis, and family history of BD were found to be higher in patients who were HLA-B51-positive. Erythema nodosum, papulopustular eruption, pathergy positivity, arthritis, and ocular involvement were less frequent in patients with HLA-B51 positivity. However, there were no statistically significant differences according to the frequency of clinical findings between the HLA-B51-positive and HLA-B51-negative groups. Conclusions HLA B51 positivity is not diagnostic of BD; however, it may affect clinical phenotypes. Although oral and genital ulcerations, thrombophlebitis, and positive family history of BD were found to be common in patients with HLA-B51 positivity, this relationship could not reach statistical significance.
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