There has been increased awareness of the need to reduce environmental impacts in the last 10 years. The manufacturing industry is striving to reduce environmental impacts by introducing new materials with better characteristics, that consume less processing power and use smaller amounts of processing coolant. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex cooling tube on power consumption and surface roughness quality in the turning process when machining mild steel material with a coated carbide cutting tool. The machining parameters involved in the experiment are cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The cutting speed is fixed at 160 m/min while the feed rate and the depth of cut are varied. The feed rates used are 0.10, 0.18 and 0.28 mm/rev, while the depth of cut is varied from 1.0 to 4.0 mm. During the machining process, the cutting temperatures are measured using an infrared thermometer and the power consumption is measured using a Prova 6830 power and harmonics analyzer. The surface roughnesses of the machined parts are measured using a surface roughness tester. The results show that cooling using Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube air cooling reduces the cutting temperature, but the power consumption and surface roughness are better under ambient conditions except at 0.28 mm/rev feed rate.
In this article, two-dimensional lid-driven cavity flow in a semi-circular cavity is simulated using a non-uniform finite different method with structured grid. NavierStokes and continuity equations are simplified using a non-dimensional streamfunctionvorticity approach. A Reynolds number of 1000 is used and the vorticity and streamfunction contour plot is monitored with convergence criteria of 1x10 -7 set to both the vorticity and the streamfunction value. The result shows that the primary vortex moves from the upper left cavity corner to the upper right corner, while the magnitude of the streamfunction grows at the primary vortex center. The primary vortex size decreases steadily as the time increases. This phenomenon is greatly affected by the increasing size of the secondary vortex at the lower left. Slight changes of vortex size are observed as the flow achieves a steady state condition. Validation of the simulation results shows the current value deviation from the established result is less than 5%. In future, it is recommended to use a better numerical method so that the simulation is more stable and so that the calculation time can be reduced.
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