In snowy areas, slope failure triggered by snowmelt water (hereinafter referred to as snowmelt disasters) have occasionally occurred. In this paper, we analyzed 45 cases of snowmelt disasters that occurred along the railway slope. In embankment cases, there was a tendency to cause snowmelt disasters frequently in expanded or embankments under cutting slope with the height of about 3m or more, and in cutting slope of terrace cliff. In addition, as an extracting method of the dangerous location concerning snowmelt disasters, we focus on the risk assessment criteria of rainfall for the slope failure that is used in Japanese railway and compared the evaluation points of that criteria between the snowmelt disaster cases and the no-disaster cases. As the result of comparison, the tendency of the evaluation point of disaster cases to be lowered and it is confirmed that the proposed extracting method of dangerous location can be effective.
To development a method for evaluating geo-disaster risk during the snowmelt season, changes in ground water levels were monitored under a cut slope in a snowfall area. Monitoring clarified that during the year the instability of slopes subject to prolonged exposure to snowmelt water was highest due to rising groundwater levels. Based on this insight, a risk evaluation method was developed based on the effective snowmelt index correlated with ground water behavior.
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