Oral administration of red ginseng extracts (1% in diet for 40 weeks) resulted in the significant suppression of spontaneous liver tumor formation in C3H/He male mice. Average number of tumors per mouse in control group was 1.06, while that in red ginseng extracts-treated group was 0.33 (p<0.05). Incidence of liver tumor development was also lower in red ginseng extracts-treated group, although the difference from control group was not statistically significant. Anti-carcinogenic activity of white ginseng extracts, besides red ginseng extracts, was also investigated. In the present study, the administration of white ginseng extracts was proven to suppress tumor promoter-induced phenomena in vitro and in vivo. It is of interest that oral administration of the extracts of Ren-Shen-Yang- Rong-Tang, a white ginseng-containing Chinese medicinal prescription, resulted in the suppression of skin tumor promotion by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated CD-1 mice. These results suggest the usefulness of ginseng in the field of cancer prevention.
Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma is a rare lung sarcoma, mostly involving the central lung and harboring the EWSR1::CREB1 fusion. We report an exceptional case of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma arising in the peripheral lung and harboring an EWSR1::ATF1 gene fusion. A 67-year-old man presented with a solid nodule in the right lower lobe, and wedge resection was performed. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of reticular proliferation of uniform mildly atypical spindle cells within abundant myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemically, smooth muscle actin was positive but desmin was negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed EWSR1 and ATF1 gene rearrangements. No recurrence was seen for 12 months. Pathological findings and gene rearrangements are important for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma. Complete resection and careful observation are required.
An 81-year-old male with a history of chronic atrial fibrillation, idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was treated with prednisolone and apixaban. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a 1.7cm nodule in the left lower lobe. CT-guided needle biopsy (CTNB) with an 18-gauge biopsy needle was performed more than 24 h after discontinuing apixaban. We inserted a small-bore chest tube (12 Fr), because of pneumothorax. Consequently, the patient developed shock three hours after CTNB. Chest CT revealed a massive left-sided hemothorax. We performed video-assisted thoracic surgery and removed approximately 600 mL of blood. Blood oozing from the visceral pleura and underlying pulmonary parenchyma was detected at the left lower lobe, possibly at the biopsy needle insertion site, and was coagulated with electrocautery. He was discharged 9 days after the thoracic surgery. CTNB-induced hemothorax, which is often attributed to intercoastal or internal mammary arteries or veins, can be induced from visceral pleura and underlying pulmonary parenchyma, as in this case, but this is a rare and fatal complication.
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