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Two unusual species of Physalacria from New Zealand and Papua New Guinea are described and illustrated. Physalacria pseudotropica from South Island in New Zealand and P. tropica from Papua New Guinea are recorded for the first time.During a study of specimens preserved in the National Science Museum, Tokyo, two unusual species of Physalacria were found. Here, the species are described and illustrated.The description of the macroscopic and microscopic features is based on dried specimens. For microscopic observation, dried basidiomata were placed in 70% ethanol, then transferred to distilled water. Pliable basidiomata were examined in distilled water, 3% KOH plus Congo Red and phloxine, and Melzer's reagent. Spore statistics include x, the arithmetic mean of the spore length and spore width (Ϯ SD) for n spores measured; Q, the quotient of spore length and spore width in any one spore, indicated as a range of variation in n spores measured; and Q, the mean of Q values (Ϯ SD). Berthier, Bibl. Mycol. 98: 62, 1985. Figs. 1, 2 Basidiomata 0.7-3.0 mm tall, stipitate-capitate. Capitulum 0.3-1.5 mm diameter, hollow, globose to subglobose, pruinose, grayish-orange after drying. Resinous exudates on apex of hymenial cystidia were observed under the stereoscope. Stipe 0.4-2.0 ϫ 0.06-0.08 mm, central, cylindrical, with pruinose cushion at the base. Basidiospores 3.8-5.9 ϫ 2.3-3.4 µm (x ϭ 4.9 Ϯ 0.5 ϫ 2.9 Ϯ 0.3 µm; Q ϭ 1.3-2.1; Q ϭ 1.7 Ϯ 0.2; n ϭ 25), oblong to lacrymoid, smooth, hyaline, thin walled, inamyloid. Basidia 15-25 ϫ 3.5-5.0 µm, narrowly clavate, 4-spored or rarely 2-spored; sterigmata 2.5-3.5 µm long. Basidioles cylindrical to fusiform. Hymenial gloeocystidia 35-95 ϫ 10-19 µm, cylindrical to fusiform, obtuse or subcapitate, with resinous exudates adherent to the apex, projecting up to 35 µm beyond hymenial cells; resinous exudates persist after drying, insoluble in Melzer's reagent, and gradually soluble in 3% KOH. Subhymenial hyphae 2-4 µm diameter, subagglutinate to interwoven sparsely, cylindrical, hyaline, thin walled, inamyloid. Lower portion of capitulum composed of a hymeniform layer of fusiform to narrowly lageniform, sometimes rostrate cells; the cells hyaline, thin walled, inamyloid. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2-4 µm diameter, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, thin walled, inamyloid; medullary hyphae 2-6 µm diameter, otherwise similar to cortical hyphae. Stipe base with scattered, curled, and thin to slightly thick walled (up to 0.8 µm diameter) hyphal outgrowths up to 40 µm long and 1.5-3.0 µm diameter. Caulocystidia abundant, conical to fusiform, subcapitate at the apex, with resinous exudates adherent to the apex; conical caulocystidia 17-37 ϫ 12-23 µm; fusiform caulocystidia 30-65 ϫ 9-16 µm. Physalacria pseudotropica

Mycena cupulicola sp. nov. and M. adscendens var. carpophila, new to Japan, are described and illustrated. The former is characterized by having lageniform caulocystidia with a slightly thick-walled broadened base and no cheilocystidia. The latter is characterized by having a white pileus up to 1 mm in diameter and narrowly conical caulocystidia. Mycena cryptomeriicola was confirmed to have inamyloid basoidiospores.

Key WordsActiniceps thwaitesii; Anastrophella podocarpicola; new record; new species.During recent surveys of litter-decomposing basidiomycetes in Japan, two minute species were collected and their multisporous isolates were obtained. These species are described and illustrated with their cultural features. Materials and MethodsDescriptions of macroscopic and microscopic features are based on dried specimens. Dried basidiomata were rinsed with 70% ethanol, then transferred to distilled water for rehydration. Rehydrated basidiomata were mounted for micromorphological observation in distilled water, 3~ KOH plus Congo red and phloxine, or Melzer's reagent. Color terms and notations are taken from Kornerup and Wanscher (1978). Spore statistics included: R, the arithmetic mean of the spore length and spore width (-+SD) for n spores measured; Q, the quotient of spore length and spore width in any one spore, indicated as a range of variation in n spores measured; and Q, the mean of Q-values (-+SD).Spore deposits were obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA; Nissui, Tokyo) and subsequent multisporous cultures were isolated. Cultures were grown on PDA and malt extract agar (MEA) (Nobles, 1965). The Nobles species code (Nobles, 1965) was recorded for 4-wkold cultures on PDA. Extracellular oxidase reactions were tested on 4-wk-old cultures on PDA according to Desjardin (1990 Figs. 1, 2, 5 Basidiomata 0.3-0.6 mm tall, stipitate-capitate, white. Capitula 0.1-0.2 mm diam, globose at maturity. Stipe 0.2-0.3x 0.02-0.05 mm, cylindrical, insititious. Basidiospores 6.6-9.4 x 3.3-4.6 #m (~= 7.8-+0.8 • 3.9--+ 0.4#m; Q=1.7-2.8; Q=2.0+0.3; n-20), oblong to subcylindrical, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid. Basidia 19-30x 5-7 #m, narrowly clavate, 2-spored; sterigmata 4.0-4.5#m long. Cystidia 47-115• #m, conical, thickly encrusted, projecting up to 40#m beyond hymenial surface, often secondary septate, thick-walled up to 1.5 #m, hyaline, inamyloid; crystals very slowly soluble in 3~ KOH. Acanthophyses 20-44 • 4-7 f~m, narrowly clavate, often slightly encrusted, densely beset with outgrowths, projecting 12-20 #m beyond hymenial surface, thin-to thick-walled up to 1.5#m, hyaline, inamyloid; outgrowths up to 2.5#m long, 0.5-2.0#m wide. Stipe hyphae 2-4#m diam, glassy, parallel, tubular, smooth, thick-walled up to 1.5 #m, hyaline, irregularly turgescent in 3~ KOH, dextrinoid. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections absent.Cultural features. Macromorphology on PDA: Mean radius of colony at 23~ is 20 mm, 1 wk (n=4); 31 mm, 2wk; 40mm, 3wk; over 45ram, 4wk. Advancing zone appressed. Aerial mycelium wooly, dense, white. Reverse yellowish white (3A2). Odor indistinct. Macromorphology on MEA: Mean radius of colony at 23~ is 12ram, lwk (n--4); 23mm, 2wk; 34mm, 3wk; 42 mm, 4 wk. Aerial mycelium wooly, sparse, white. Reverse white. Odor indistinct. Micromorphology on