The island of Taiwan represents an arc-continent collisional orogen between the Eurasian continental margin and the North Luzon Arc (NLA), where eastward subduction of the South China Sea lithosphere (SCS) beneath the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) has occurred (Figure 1). This mountain building event in Taiwan is referred to as the Penglai Orogeny (e.g., Teng, 1987), which builds and shapes the topography of the present day Taiwan island. The Penglai Orogeny causes exhumation in the orogenic belt and contributes a significant amount of sediments into the adjacent sedimentary basins. The sedimentary lithics have been studied to determine the thermal history of the basement rocks (W.-S.